CentOS5.6以RPM方式安装MysqL5.6

1.检查MysqL及相关RPM包，是否安装，如果有安装，则移除（rpm –e 名称）

[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa | grep -i MysqL
MysqL-libs-5.1.66-2.el6_3.x86_64
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y remove MysqL-libs*

如果卸载不掉提示异常，则可以强制卸载依赖

rpm -e --nodeps MysqL-libs-5.1.66-2.el6_3.x86_64

2.下载Linux对应的RPM包，如：CentOS6.4_64对应的RPM包，如下：

[root@localhost rpm]# ll
total 74364
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 18442536 Dec 11 20:19 MysqL-client-5.6.15-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  3340660 Dec 11 20:06 MysqL-devel-5.6.15-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 54360600 Dec 11 20:03 MysqL-server-5.6.15-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

3.安装MysqL

[root@localhost rpm]# rpm -ivh MysqL-server-5.6.15-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
[root@localhost rpm]# rpm -ivh MysqL-devel-5.6.15-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
[root@localhost rpm]# rpm -ivh MysqL-client-5.6.15-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

出现以下文字表示安装成功

A RANDOM PASSWORD HAS BEEN SET FOR THE MysqL root USER !
You will find that password in '/root/.MysqL_secret'.

You must change that password on your first connect,no other statement but 'SET PASSWORD' will be accepted.
See the manual for the semantics of the 'password expired' flag.

Also,the account for the anonymous user has been removed.

In addition,you can run:

  /usr/bin/MysqL_secure_installation

which will also give you the option of removing the test database.
This is strongly recommended for production servers.

See the manual for more instructions.

Please report any problems with the /usr/bin/MysqLbug script!

The latest information about MysqL is available on the web at

  http://www.MysqL.com

Support MysqL by buying support/licenses at http://shop.MysqL.com

New default config file was created as /usr/my.cnf and
will be used by default by the server when you start it.
You may edit this file to change server settings

4.配置MysqL配置

#修改配置文件位置
[root@localhost rpm]# cp /usr/share/MysqL/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf

#修改配置参数(vim /etc/my.cnf 或者是/usr/my.cnf具体看MysqL安装之后的提示)
[client]  
password        = 123456  
port            = 3306  
default-character-set=utf8  
[MysqLd]  
port            = 3306  
character_set_server=utf8  
character_set_client=utf8  
collation-server=utf8_general_ci  
#(注意linux下MysqL安装完后是默认：表名区分大小写，列名不区分大小写； 0：区分大小写，1：不区分大小写)  
lower_case_table_names=1  
#(设置最大连接数，默认为 151，MysqL服务器允许的最大连接数16384; )  
max_connections=1000  
[MysqL]  
default-character-set = utf8

5.初始化MysqL及设置密码

[root@localhost rpm]# /usr/bin/MysqL_install_db
[root@localhost rpm]# service MysqL start
[root@localhost rpm]# cat /root/.MysqL_secret  #查看root账号密码
# The random password set for the root user at Wed Dec 11 23:32:50 2013 (local time): qKTaFZnl
[root@localhost ~]# MysqL -uroot –pqKTaFZnl
MysqL> SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD('123456');    #设置密码为123456
MysqL> exit
[root@localhost ~]# MysqL -uroot -p123456

6.查看字符集

#查看字符集
MysqL> show variables like '%collation%';
MysqL> show variables like '%char%';

7.允许远程登陆

MysqL> use MysqL;
MysqL> select host,user,password from user;
+-----------------------+------+-------------------------------------------+
| host                  | user | password                                  |
+-----------------------+------+-------------------------------------------+
| localhost             | root | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 |
| localhost.localdomain | root | *1237E2CE819C427B0D8174456DD83C47480D37E8 |
| 127.0.0.1             | root | *1237E2CE819C427B0D8174456DD83C47480D37E8 |
| ::1                   | root | *1237E2CE819C427B0D8174456DD83C47480D37E8 |
+-----------------------+------+-------------------------------------------+
MysqL> update user set password=password('123456') where user='root';
MysqL> update user set host='%' where user='root' and host='localhost';
MysqL> flush pr

7.1新建数据库账号

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO yhroot@"%" IDENTIFIED BY 'xxx密码' WITH GRANT OPTION;

8.设置开机自启动

[root@localhost ~]# chkconfig --levels 235 MysqL on
[root@localhost ~]# chkconfig --list | grep MysqL
MysqL           0:off   1:off   2:on    3:on    4:on    5:on    6:off

9.MysqL的默认安装位置

/var/lib/MysqL/               #数据库目录
/usr/share/MysqL              #配置文件目录
/usr/bin                     #相关命令目录
/etc/init.d/MysqL              #启动脚本

参考：http://blog.csdn.net/liumm0000/article/details/18841197

------------------------------------------------进阶的分割线--------------------------------------------

在线安装：

CentOS 7的yum源中没有正常安装MysqL时的MysqL-sever文件，需要去官网上下载

# wget http://dev.MysqL.com/get/MysqL-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm
# rpm -ivh MysqL-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm
# yum install MysqL-community-server

安装成功之后参考上面的配置方法即可。

更新：2017.03.14