Centos 6 编译安装LNMP

搭建环境：Centos 6.8，Nginx 1.9.14，MysqL 5.6.23，PHP 5.6.17

一、目的：LNMP如今已成为主流的web服务器搭建方案，公司内部的ECstore，Discuz，计划用来替代nagios+check_mk监控平台的Zabbix。均基于LNMP。本次单机LNMP搭建为后续全面了解电商集群做准备，顺便记录搭建过程，作为以后搭建环境的参考。

二、LNMP安装环境准备：

关闭防火墙及selinux

serviceiptablesstop
chkconfigiptablesoff
setenforce0
vi/etc/sysconfig/selinux
SELINUX=disabled#enforcing改为disabled

依赖包安装

yum-yinstallgccgcc-c++autoconflibjpeglibjpeg-devellibpnglibpng-develfreetypefreetype-devellibxml2libxml2-develzlibzlib-develglibcglibc-develglib2glib2-develbzip2bzip2-develncursesncurses-develcurlcurl-devele2fsprogse2fsprogs-develkrb5krb5-devellibidnlibidn-developensslopenssl-developenldapopenldap-developenldap-clientsopenldap-serversmakelibtool*gittreebisonpcre-develperlgdgd-devel

安装libiconv（支持编码转换为函数）

tarxflibiconv-1.14.tar.gz
cdlibiconv-1.14/
./configure--prefix=/usr/local
make&&makeinstall

安装libmcrypt （加密算法扩展库，支持DES,3DES,RIJNDAEL,Twofish,IDEA,GOST,CAST-256,ARCFOUR,SERPENT,SAFER+等算法)

tarxflibmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz
cdlibmcrypt-2.5.8
./configure
make&&makeinstall
cdlibltdl/
./configure--enable-ltdl-install#加载动态库
make&&makeinstall

安装mhash（Mhash是基于离散数学原理的不可逆向的PHP加密方式扩展库，其在默认情况下不开启。 mhash的可以用于创建校验数值，消息摘要，消息认证码，以及无需原文的关键信息保存）

tarxfmhash-0.9.9.9.tar.bz2
cdmhash-0.9.9.9
./configure
make&&makeinstall

安装mcript（mcrypt 是 PHP 里面重要的加密支持扩展库，Mcrypt扩展库可以实现加密解密功能，就是既能将明文加密，也可以密文还原。）

cd/usr/local/src
tarzxvfmcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz
cdmcrypt-2.6.8/
exportLD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH#暂时生效
./configure
make&&makeinstall

亦可以通过以下两种方法增加库文件

ln-s/usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.la/usr/lib/libmcrypt.la
ln-s/usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so/usr/lib/libmcrypt.so
ln-s/usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4/usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4
ln-s/usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8/usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8
ln-s/usr/local/lib/libmhash.a/usr/lib/libmhash.a
ln-s/usr/local/lib/libmhash.la/usr/lib/libmhash.la
ln-s/usr/local/lib/libmhash.so/usr/lib/libmhash.so
ln-s/usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2/usr/lib/libmhash.so.2
ln-s/usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1/usr/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1
ln-s/usr/local/bin/libmcrypt-config/usr/bin/libmcrypt-config

vim/etc/ld.so.conf
/usr/local/lib/
ldconfig

安装cmake （MysqL从5.5版本开始，通过./configure进行编译配置方式已经被取消，取而代之的是cmake工具）

tarxfcmake-3.4.1.tar.gz
cdcmake-3.4.1
./bootstrap
make&&makeinstall

注：一起解压所有文件可采用：find /usr/local/src/*.tar.gz -exec tar xf {} \;

三、MysqL编译安装

新增MysqL 用户

groupadd-rMysqL
useradd-r-gMysqLMysqL

新建MysqL所需目录

mkdir-p/usr/local/MysqL
mkdir-p/data/MysqLdb

编译安装

tarxfMysqL-5.6.23.tar.gz
cdMysqL-5.6.23
cmake-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/MysqL-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1-DMysqL_DATADIR=/data/MysqLdb-DMysqL_TCP_PORT=3306-DENABLE_DOWNLOADS=1-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc-DWITH_SSL=system-DWITH_ZLIB=system-DWITH_LIBWRAP=0
make&&makeinstall

修改 MysqL目录权限

cd/usr/local/MysqL
chown-RMysqL:MysqL.
cd/data/MysqLdb
chown-RMysqL:MysqL.

初始化MysqL 数据库

cd/usr/local/MysqL
./scripts/MysqL_install_db--user=MysqL--datadir=/data/MysqLdb

编译修改/etc/my.cnf

[MysqL]

#CLIENT#
port=3306
socket=/data/MysqLdb/MysqL.sock

[MysqLd]

#GENERAL#
user=MysqL
default-storage-engine=InnoDB
socket=/data/MysqLdb/MysqL.sock
pid-file=/data/MysqLdb/MysqL.pid

#MyISAM#
key-buffer-size=32M
myisam-recover=FORCE,BACKUP

#SAFETY#
max-allowed-packet=16M
max-connect-errors=1000000

#DATASTORAGE#
datadir=/data/MysqLdb/

#BINARYLOGGING#
log-bin=/data/MysqLdb/MysqL-bin
expire-logs-days=14
sync-binlog=1

#REPLICATION#
skip-slave-start=1
relay-log=/data/MysqLdb/relay-bin
slave-net-timeout=60

#CACHESANDLIMITS#
tmp-table-size=32M
max-heap-table-size=32M
query-cache-type=0
query-cache-size=0
max-connections=500
thread-cache-size=50
open-files-limit=65535
table-definition-cache=4096
table-open-cache=4096

#INNODB#
innodb-flush-method=O_DIRECT
innodb-log-files-in-group=2
innodb-log-file-size=64M
innodb-flush-log-at-trx-commit=1
innodb-file-per-table=1
innodb-buffer-pool-size=592M

#LOGGING#
log-error=/data/MysqLdb/MysqL-error.log
log-queries-not-using-indexes=1
slow-query-log=1
slow-query-log-file=/data/MysqLdb/MysqL-slow.log

复制MysqL启动文件及其命令加入PATH

cpsupport-files/MysqL.server/etc/init.d/MysqLd
vim/etc/profile.d/MysqL.sh
PATH=/usr/local/MysqL/bin:/usr/local/MysqL/lib:$PATH
exportPATH
source/etc/profile.d/MysqL.sh

启动MysqL并增加启动项

serviceMysqLdstart
chkconfigMysqLdon

设置MysqL 登录权限

dropuser''@localhost;
dropuser''@hostname;
updateMysqL.usersetpassword=password('*******');
flushprivileges;

四、Nginx编译安装

新增Nginx 用户

groupadd-rNginx
useradd-gNginx-rNginx

创建所需要目录

mkdir-pv/var/tmp/Nginx/client

编译安装Nginx

tarxfNginx-1.9.14.tar.gz
cdNginx-1.9.14
./configure--prefix=/usr/local/Nginx--sbin-path=/usr/local/Nginx/sbin/Nginx--conf-path=/etc/Nginx/Nginx.conf--error-log-path=/var/log/Nginx/error.log--http-log-path=/var/log/Nginx/access.log--pid-path=/var/run/Nginx/Nginx.pid--lock-path=/var/lock/Nginx.lock--user=Nginx--group=Nginx--with-http_ssl_module--with-http_flv_module--with-http_stub_status_module--with-http_gzip_static_module--http-client-body-temp-path=/var/tmp/Nginx/client/--http-proxy-temp-path=/var/tmp/Nginx/proxy/--http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/Nginx/fcgi/--http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/Nginx/uwsgi--http-scgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/Nginx/scgi--with-pcre
make&&makeinstall

编辑启动脚本

vim/etc/rc.d/init.d/Nginx

#!/bin/sh
#
#Nginx-thisscriptstartsandstopstheNginxdaemon
#
#chkconfig:-8515
#description:NginxisanHTTP(S)server,HTTP(S)reverse\
#proxyandIMAP/POP3proxyserver
#processname:Nginx
#config:/etc/Nginx/Nginx.conf
#config:/etc/sysconfig/Nginx
#pidfile:/var/run/Nginx.pid

#Sourcefunctionlibrary.
./etc/rc.d/init.d/functions

#Sourcenetworkingconfiguration.
./etc/sysconfig/network

#Checkthatnetworkingisup.
["$NETWORKING"="no"]&&exit0

Nginx="/usr/local/Nginx/sbin/Nginx"
prog=$(basename$Nginx)

Nginx_CONF_FILE="/etc/Nginx/Nginx.conf"

[-f/etc/sysconfig/Nginx]&&./etc/sysconfig/Nginx

lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/Nginx

make_dirs(){
#makerequireddirectories
user=`Nginx-V2>&1|grep"configurearguments:"|sed's/[^*]*--user=\([^]*\).*/\1/g'-`
options=`$Nginx-V2>&1|grep'configurearguments:'`
foroptin$options;do
if[`echo$opt|grep'.*-temp-path'`];then
value=`echo$opt|cut-d"="-f2`
if[!-d"$value"];then
#echo"creating"$value
mkdir-p$value&&chown-R$user$value
fi
fi
done
}

start(){
[-x$Nginx]||exit5
[-f$Nginx_CONF_FILE]||exit6
make_dirs
echo-n$"Starting$prog:"
daemon$Nginx-c$Nginx_CONF_FILE
retval=$?
echo
[$retval-eq0]&&touch$lockfile
return$retval
}

stop(){
echo-n$"Stopping$prog:"
killproc$prog-QUIT
retval=$?
echo
[$retval-eq0]&&rm-f$lockfile
return$retval
}

restart(){
configtest||return$?
stop
sleep1
start
}

reload(){
configtest||return$?
echo-n$"Reloading$prog:"
killproc$Nginx-HUP
RETVAL=$?
echo
}

force_reload(){
restart
}

configtest(){
$Nginx-t-c$Nginx_CONF_FILE
}

rh_status(){
status$prog
}

rh_status_q(){
rh_status>/dev/null2>&1
}

case"$1"in
start)
rh_status_q&&exit0
$1
;;
stop)
rh_status_q||exit0
$1
;;
restart|configtest)
$1
;;
reload)
rh_status_q||exit7
$1
;;
force-reload)
force_reload
;;
status)
rh_status
;;
condrestart|try-restart)
rh_status_q||exit0
;;
*)
echo$"Usage:$0{start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload|configtest}"
exit2
esac

设置开机启动并启动服务

chmod+x/etc/rc.d/init.d/Nginx
chkconfig--addNginx
chkconfigNginxon
serviceNginxstart

五、PHP编译安装

解决 PHP安装的库依赖关系

cp-frp/usr/lib64/libldap*/usr/lib/
echo/usr/local/MysqL/lib>>/etc/ld.so.conf.d/MysqL-x86_64.conf
ldconfig-v

编译安装PHP

tarxfPHP-5.6.17.tar.gz
cdPHP-5.6.17
./configure--prefix=/usr/local/PHP--with-MysqL=/usr/local/MysqL--with-MysqLi=/usr/local/MysqL/bin/MysqL_config--with-iconv-dir=/usr/local--with-openssl--enable-mbstring--with-freetype-dir--with-jpeg-dir--with-png-dir--with-zlib--with-libxml-dir=/usr--enable-xml--disable-rpath--enable-bcmath--enable-shmop--enable-sysvsem--enable-inline-optimization--enable-mbregex--enable-mbstring--with-gd--enable-gd-native-ttf--with-mhash--enable-pcntl--enable-sockets--with-mcrypt--with-ldap--with-ldap-sasl--with-xmlrpc--enable-zip--enable-soap--with-bz2--with-config-file-path=/etc--enable-fpm--with-config-file-scan-dir=/etc/PHP.d--enable-maintainer-zts
makeZEND_EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv'
makeinstall

复制PHP 配置文件

cpPHP.ini-production/etc/PHP.ini

复制PHP-fpm配置文件

cp/usr/local/PHP/etc/PHP-fpm.conf.default/usr/local/PHP/etc/PHP-fpm.conf

设置PHP-fpm启动脚本并开机启动

cpsapi/fpm/init.d.PHP-fpm/etc/rc.d/init.d/PHP-fpm
chmod+x/etc/rc.d/init.d/PHP-fpm
chkconfig--addPHP-fpm
chkconfigPHP-fpmon
servicePHP-fpmstart

六、web功能基本实现

Nginx,PHP 功能整合

vim/etc/Nginx/Nginx.conf
#location~\.PHP${
#roothtml;
#fastcgi_pass127.0.0.1:9000;
#fastcgi_indexindex.PHP;
#fastcgi_paramSCRIPT_FILENAME/scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
#includefastcgi_params;
#}
#修改为
location~\.PHP${
fastcgi_pass127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_indexindex.PHP;
fastcgi_paramSCRIPT_FILENAME$document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
includefastcgi_params;
}

增加LNMP测试页面

vim/usr/local/Nginx/html/test.PHP
<?PHP
$link=MysqL_connect('127.0.0.1','root','you_passwd');
if($link)
echo"It'sOK,Frank";
else
echo"Failed,Frank";
MysqL_close;
PHPinfo();
?>

Nginx重载

serviceNginxreload

访问http://ip/test.php,LNMP测试成功。

七、后记

从去年底开始，LAMP,LNMP断断续续搭建过多次，搭建时磕磕碰碰，完成后就会忘记，估计是基础不牢的原因。虽然本次搭建中间也有些许不顺，但决定写博文之后，还是有点小压力，前前后后验证了两遍，还是可以保证可行性的。本次Nginx，PHP的配置优化及插件均未涉及，后续博文中将陆续补上。

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