0、环境

本文操作系统: CentOS 7.2.1511 x86_64
MysqL 版本: 5.7.13

1、下载 MysqL 官方的 Yum Repository

从 MysqL 官网选取合适的 MysqL 版本，获取下载地址。

然后使用 wget 下载：

[root@centos-linux src]# wget http://repo.MysqL.com//MysqL57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm
--2016-07-15 13:26:51--  http://repo.MysqL.com//MysqL57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm
正在解析主机 repo.MysqL.com (repo.MysqL.com)... 23.63.61.108
正在连接 repo.MysqL.com (repo.MysqL.com)|23.63.61.108|:80... 已连接。
已发出 HTTP 请求，正在等待回应... 200 OK
长度：9116 (8.9K) [application/x-redhat-package-manager]
正在保存至: “MysqL57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm”

100%[========================================================================================>] 9,116       --.-K/s 用时 0s

2016-07-15 13:26:57 (193 MB/s) - 已保存 “MysqL57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm” [9116/9116])

2、安装 yum Repository

[root@centos-linux src]# yum -y install MysqL57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm
已加载插件：fastestmirror
正在检查 MysqL57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm: MysqL57-community-release-el7-8.noarch
MysqL57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm 将被安装
正在解决依赖关系
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 MysqL57-community-release.noarch.0.el7-8 将被 安装
--> 解决依赖关系完成

依赖关系解决

==================================================================================================================================
 Package                              架构              版本             源                                                  大小
==================================================================================================================================
正在安装:
 MysqL57-community-release            noarch            el7-8            /MysqL57-community-release-el7-8.noarch            8.2 k

事务概要
==================================================================================================================================
安装  1 软件包

总计：8.2 k
安装大小：8.2 k
Downloading packages:
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
  正在安装    : MysqL57-community-release-el7-8.noarch                                                                        1/1
  验证中      : MysqL57-community-release-el7-8.noarch                                                                        1/1

已安装:
  MysqL57-community-release.noarch 0:el7-8

完毕！

3、安装 MysqL 服务端

查看 MysqL server

[root@centos-linux src]# yum search MysqL-com
已加载插件：fastestmirror
base                                                                                                       | 3.6 kB  00:00:00
extras                                                                                                     | 3.4 kB  00:00:00
MysqL-connectors-community                                                                                 | 2.5 kB  00:00:00
MysqL-tools-community                                                                                      | 2.5 kB  00:00:00
MysqL57-community                                                                                          | 2.5 kB  00:00:00
updates                                                                                                    | 3.4 kB  00:00:00
(1/3): MysqL-connectors-community/x86_64/primary_db                                                        | 9.8 kB  00:00:00
(2/3): MysqL-tools-community/x86_64/primary_db                                                             |  26 kB  00:00:00
(3/3): MysqL57-community/x86_64/primary_db                                                                 |  57 kB  00:00:00
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
===================================================== N/S matched: MysqL-com =====================================================
MysqL-community-client.i686 : MysqL database client applications and tools
MysqL-community-client.x86_64 : MysqL database client applications and tools
MysqL-community-common.i686 : MysqL database common files for server and client libs
MysqL-community-common.x86_64 : MysqL database common files for server and client libs
MysqL-community-devel.i686 : Development header files and libraries for MysqL database client applications
MysqL-community-devel.x86_64 : Development header files and libraries for MysqL database client applications
MysqL-community-embedded.i686 : MysqL embedded library
MysqL-community-embedded.x86_64 : MysqL embedded library
MysqL-community-embedded-compat.i686 : MysqL embedded compat library
MysqL-community-embedded-compat.x86_64 : MysqL embedded compat library
MysqL-community-embedded-devel.i686 : Development header files and libraries for MysqL as an embeddable library
MysqL-community-embedded-devel.x86_64 : Development header files and libraries for MysqL as an embeddable library
MysqL-community-libs.i686 : Shared libraries for MysqL database client applications
MysqL-community-libs.x86_64 : Shared libraries for MysqL database client applications
MysqL-community-libs-compat.i686 : Shared compat libraries for MysqL 5.6.25 database client applications
MysqL-community-libs-compat.x86_64 : Shared compat libraries for MysqL 5.6.25 database client applications
MysqL-community-release.noarch : MysqL repository configuration for yum
MysqL-community-server.x86_64 : A very fast and reliable sql database server
MysqL-community-test.x86_64 : Test suite for the MysqL database server

  名称和简介匹配 only，使用“search all”试试。

安装

[root@centos-linux src]# yum -y install MysqL-community-server.x86_64

等待执行安装完成。

4、启动 MysqL 服务

然后启动，注意 CentOS7 的启动方式和以前不一样，CentOS7 使用了 systemctl

[root@centos-linux ~]# systemctl start MysqLd.service

查看启动是否成功

[root@centos-linux ~]# systemctl status MysqLd.service
● MysqLd.service - MysqL Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/MysqLd.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since 六 2016-07-16 11:07:56 HKT; 2min 42s ago
  Process: 22051 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/MysqLd --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/MysqLd/MysqLd.pid $MysqLD_OPTS (code=exited,status=0/SUCCESS)
  Process: 21973 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/MysqLd_pre_systemd (code=exited,status=0/SUCCESS)
 Main PID: 22054 (MysqLd)
   CGroup: /system.slice/MysqLd.service
           └─22054 /usr/sbin/MysqLd --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/MysqLd/MysqLd.pid

7月 16 11:07:50 centos-linux.shared systemd[1]: Starting MysqL Server...
7月 16 11:07:56 centos-linux.shared systemd[1]: Started MysqL Server.

上面显示 active (running) 则表示已经正常启动。

5、登陆数据库

然后就可以进入数据库了，这里注意一点，MysqL5.7.6 之后会在启动 MysqL 进程的时候生成一个用户密码，首次登陆需要这个密码才行。密码保存在 MysqL 进程的日志里，即(/var/log/MysqLd.log)

查看登陆密码

[root@centos-linux ~]# cat /var/log/MysqLd.log | grep 'password'
2016-07-16T03:07:53.587995Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: 2=s6NZk.t:fz

然后登陆

[root@centos-linux ~]# MysqL -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MysqL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MysqL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.13

Copyright (c) 2000,2016,Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MysqL>

到这里 MysqL 就完全安装完成了。

6、修改 root 密码

但是如果想正常使用还需要修改密码

MysqL> show databases;
ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.

以前的 password()函数将会被抛弃，官方建议使用下面的命令来修改密码

MysqL> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'new_password';

同时，如果你设置的密码过于简单也会报错。

MysqL> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '123';
ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements

具体关于设置密码的规则，可以看这一篇文章。

这里我们注意设置密码 长度要大于8，同时要有数字，大小写，特殊字符。

最后，安装完了可以删除 MysqL 的 Repository ，这样可以减少 yum 检查更新的时间，使用下面的命令。

[root@typecodes ~]# yum -y remove MysqL57-community-release-el7-8.noarch