添加一个3T的磁盘，并对其进行分区 LVM创建 LVM基本概念 1、 物理卷-----PV（Physical Volume） 物理卷在逻辑卷管理中处于最底层，它可以是实际物理硬盘上的分区，也可以是整个 物理硬盘。 2、 卷组--------VG（Volumne Group） 卷组建立在物理卷之上，一个卷组中至少要包括一个物理卷，在卷组建立之后可 动态添加物理卷到卷组中。一个逻辑卷管理系统工程中可以只有一个卷组，也可以 拥有多个卷组。 3、 逻辑卷-----LV（Logical Volume） 逻辑卷建立在卷组之上，卷组中的未分配空间可以用于建立新的逻辑卷，逻辑卷建立 后可以动态地扩展和缩小空间。系统中的多个逻辑卷要以属于同一个卷组，也可以 属于不同的多个卷组。 4、 物理区域--PE（Physical Extent） 物理区域是物理卷中可用于分配的最小存储单元，物理区域的大小可根据实际情况在 建立物理卷时指定。物理区域大小一旦确定将不能更改，同一卷组中的所有物理卷 的物理区域大小需要一致。 5、 逻辑区域—LE（Logical Extent） 逻辑区域是逻辑卷中可用于分配的最小存储单元，逻辑区域的大小取决于逻辑卷所在 卷组中的物理区域的大小。 6、 卷组描述区域-----（Volume Group Descriptor Area） 卷组描述区域存在于每个物理卷中，用于描述物理卷本身、物理卷所属卷组、卷组中的 逻辑卷及逻辑卷中物理区域的分配等所有信息，卷组描述区域是在使用pvcreate 建立物理卷时建立的。 parted创建LVM 把一块3T硬盘全部设为LVM
结构图如下：
#parted /dev/sdb
>mklabel gpt //由于MBR分区表只支持2T硬盘，所以如果大于2T必须用GPT分区表
(parted) mkpart primary xfs 0% 20%
(parted) p
Model: ATA ST3000NM0033-9ZM (scsi)
Disk /dev/sdb: 3001GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: gpt
Disk Flags:
Number Start End Size File system Name Flags
1 1049kB 600GB 600GB primary
(parted) mkpart primary xfs 20% 40%
(parted) mkpart primary xfs 40% 60%
(parted) mkpart primary xfs 60% 100%
(parted) p
Model: ATA ST3000NM0033-9ZM (scsi)
Disk /dev/sdb: 3001GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: gpt
Disk Flags:
Number Start End Size File system Name Flags
1 1049kB 600GB 600GB primary
2 600GB 1200GB 600GB primary
3 1200GB 1800GB 600GB primary
4 1800GB 3001GB 1200GB primary
(parted) set 1 lvm on //设定编号1为LVM分区，on开启 off是关闭
(parted) set 2 lvm on
(parted) set 3 lvm on
(parted) set 4 lvm on
(parted) p
Model: ATA ST3000NM0033-9ZM (scsi)
Disk /dev/sdb: 3001GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: gpt
Disk Flags:
Number Start End Size File system Name Flags
1 1049kB 600GB 600GB primary lvm
2 600GB 1200GB 600GB primary lvm
3 1200GB 1800GB 600GB primary lvm
4 1800GB 3001GB 1200GB primary lvm
(parted) quit
Information: You may need to update /etc/fstab.
#partprobe 立即生效 退出后进行建立pv,vg,lv等 创建LVM
[root@localhost /]# pvcreate /dev/sdb1 //创建pv
Physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully created
[root@localhost /]# pvcreate /dev/sdb2
Physical volume "/dev/sdb2" successfully created
[root@localhost /]# pvcreate /dev/sdb3
Physical volume "/dev/sdb3" successfully created
[root@localhost /]# pvcreate /dev/sdb4
Physical volume "/dev/sdb4" successfully created
[root@localhost /]# pvdisplay
--- Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sda5
VG Name centos
PV Size 344.99 GiB / not usable 4.00 MiB
Allocatable yes
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 88316
Free PE 1
Allocated PE 88315
PV UUID RuGu3e-MrqN-nXgM-x43B-nHcy-fELh-At2EG7
"/dev/sdb2" is a new physical volume of "558.90 GiB"
--- NEW Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sdb2
VG Name
PV Size 558.90 GiB
Allocatable NO
PE Size 0
Total PE 0
Free PE 0
Allocated PE 0
PV UUID 36oEPq-fGuY-1DgE-eRwN-Kn2U-CBfv-Y1Jdl7
"/dev/sdb3" is a new physical volume of "558.90 GiB"
--- NEW Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sdb3
VG Name
PV Size 558.90 GiB
Allocatable NO
PE Size 0
Total PE 0
Free PE 0
Allocated PE 0
PV UUID Yzewvc-yv0t-dObI-POQf-J1vr-zIbp-uIuDim
"/dev/sdb4" is a new physical volume of "1.09 TiB"
--- NEW Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sdb4
VG Name
PV Size 1.09 TiB
Allocatable NO
PE Size 0
Total PE 0
Free PE 0
Allocated PE 0
PV UUID 68TePP-fusv-sasY-KLIe-ZKmf-mUzU-vgn9oc
"/dev/sdb1" is a new physical volume of "558.90 GiB"
--- NEW Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sdb1
VG Name
PV Size 558.90 GiB
Allocatable NO
PE Size 0
Total PE 0
Free PE 0
Allocated PE 0
PV UUID nbcrMl-ukJb-Qpj3-Lc05-mkaf-yHUj-9EjhK2
[root@localhost /]# vgdisplay //显示PV分区情况
--- Volume group ---
VG Name centos
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 1
Metadata Sequence No 4
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 3
Open LV 3
Max PV 0
Cur PV 1
Act PV 1
VG Size 344.98 GiB
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 88316
Alloc PE / Size 88315 / 344.98 GiB
Free PE / Size 1 / 4.00 MiB
VG UUID PUyFI6-z0gL-r014-xhk1-btLX-aDhY-7tghOP
创建VG
[root@localhost /]# vgcreate vg /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdb2 /dev/sdb3 /dev/sdb4
Volume group "vg" successfully created
[root@localhost /]# vgdisplay
--- Volume group ---
VG Name vg
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 4
Metadata Sequence No 1
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 0
Open LV 0
Max PV 0
Cur PV 4
Act PV 4
VG Size 2.73 TiB
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 715395
Alloc PE / Size 0 / 0
Free PE / Size 715395 / 2.73 TiB
VG UUID 2bbsrh-o7OU-18d2-2rgG-kZFb-FmIZ-hdvncj
--- Volume group ---
VG Name centos
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 1
Metadata Sequence No 4
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 3
Open LV 3
Max PV 0
Cur PV 1
Act PV 1
VG Size 344.98 GiB
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 88316
Alloc PE / Size 88315 / 344.98 GiB
Free PE / Size 1 / 4.00 MiB
VG UUID PUyFI6-z0gL-r014-xhk1-btLX-aDhY-7tghOP
创建LV
[root@localhost Desktop]# lvcreate --help
lvcreate: Create a logical volume
lvcreate
[-A|--autobackup {y|n}]
[-a|--activate [a|e|l]{y|n}]
[--addtag Tag]
[--alloc AllocationPolicy]
[-H|--cache
[--cachemode {writeback|writethrough}]
[--cachepolicy policy]
[--cachesettings key=value]
[--cachepool CachePoolLogicalVolume{Name|Path}]
[-c|--chunksize ChunkSize]
[-C|--contiguous {y|n}]
[--commandprofile ProfileName]
[-d|--debug]
[-h|-?|--help]
[--errorwhenfull {y|n}]
[--ignoremonitoring]
[--monitor {y|n}]
[-i|--stripes Stripes [-I|--stripesize StripeSize]]
[-k|--setactivationskip {y|n}]
[-K|--ignoreactivationskip]
{-l|--extents LogicalExtentsNumber[%{VG|PVS|FREE}] |
-L|--size LogicalVolumeSize[bBsSkKmMgGtTpPeE]}
[-M|--persistent {y|n}] [-j|--major major] [--minor minor]
[--Metadataprofile ProfileName]
[-m|--mirrors Mirrors [--nosync]
[{--mirrorlog {disk|core|mirrored}|--corelog}]]
[-n|--name LogicalVolumeName]
[--noudevsync]
[-p|--permission {r|rw}]
[--poolMetadatasize MetadataSize[bBsSkKmMgG]]
[--poolMetadataspare {y|n}]]
[--[raid]minrecoveryrate Rate]
[--[raid]maxrecoveryrate Rate]
[-r|--readahead {ReadAheadSectors|auto|none}]
[-R|--regionsize MirrorLogRegionSize]
[-T|--thin
[--discards {ignore|nopassdown|passdown}]
[--thinpool ThinPoolLogicalVolume{Name|Path}]
[-t|--test]
[--type VolumeType]
[-v|--verbose]
[-W|--wipesignatures {y|n}]
[-Z|--zero {y|n}]
[--version]
VolumeGroupName [PhysicalVolumePath...]
lvcreate
{ {-s|--snapshot} OriginalLogicalVolume[Path] |
[-s|--snapshot] VolumeGroupName[Path] -V|--virtualsize VirtualSize}
{-H|--cache} VolumeGroupName[Path][/OriginalLogicalVolume]
{-T|--thin} VolumeGroupName[Path][/PoolLogicalVolume]
-V|--virtualsize VirtualSize}
[-A|--autobackup {y|n}]
[--addtag Tag]
[--alloc AllocationPolicy]
[--cachepolicy Policy] [--cachesettings Key=Value]
[-c|--chunksize]
[-C|--contiguous {y|n}]
[--commandprofile ProfileName]
[-d|--debug]
[--discards {ignore|nopassdown|passdown}]
[-h|-?|--help]
[--ignoremonitoring]
[--monitor {y|n}]
[-i|--stripes Stripes [-I|--stripesize StripeSize]]
[-k|--setactivationskip {y|n}]
[-K|--ignoreactivationskip]
{-l|--extents LogicalExtentsNumber[%{VG|FREE|ORIGIN}] |
-L|--size LogicalVolumeSize[bBsSkKmMgGtTpPeE]}
[--poolMetadatasize MetadataVolumeSize[bBsSkKmMgG]]
[-M|--persistent {y|n}] [-j|--major major] [--minor minor]
[--Metadataprofile ProfileName]
[-n|--name LogicalVolumeName]
[--noudevsync]
[-p|--permission {r|rw}]
[-r|--readahead ReadAheadSectors|auto|none]
[-t|--test]
[{--thinpool ThinPoolLogicalVolume[Path] |
--cachepool CachePoolLogicalVolume[Path]}]
[-v|--verbose]
[--version]
[PhysicalVolumePath...]
[root@localhost /]# lvcreate -L 300G -n soft vg //创建大小300G名称soft的lv
Logical volume "soft" created.
[root@localhost /]# lvcreate -L 800G -n datainfo vg
Logical volume "datainfo" created.
[root@localhost /]# lvcreate -L 1600G -n systeminfo vg
Logical volume "systeminfo" created.
对磁盘进行格式化
[root@localhost Desktop]# mkfs.xfs /dev/vg/soft
Meta-data=/dev/vg/soft isize=256 agcount=4,agsize=19660800 blks
= sectsz=512 attr=2,projid32bit=1 = crc=0 finobt=0 data = bsize=4096 blocks=78643200,imaxpct=25
= sunit=0 swidth=0 blks naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 ftype=0
log =internal log bsize=4096 blocks=38400,version=2
= sectsz=512 sunit=0 blks,lazy-count=1 realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0,rtextents=0
在根目录下创建一个soft目录，便于将该磁盘挂在这个目录上。
mount -t xfs /dev/vg/soft /soft
[root@localhost Desktop]# mkfs.xfs /dev/vg/datainfo
Meta-data=/dev/vg/datainfo isize=256 agcount=4,agsize=52428800 blks
= sectsz=512 attr=2,projid32bit=1 = crc=0 finobt=0 data = bsize=4096 blocks=209715200,imaxpct=25
= sunit=0 swidth=0 blks naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 ftype=0
log =internal log bsize=4096 blocks=102400,rtextents=0
[root@localhost Desktop]# mkfs.xfs /dev/vg/systeminfo
Meta-data=/dev/vg/systeminfo isize=256 agcount=4,agsize=104857600 blks
= sectsz=512 attr=2,projid32bit=1 = crc=0 finobt=0 data = bsize=4096 blocks=419430400,imaxpct=5
= sunit=0 swidth=0 blks naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 ftype=0
log =internal log bsize=4096 blocks=204800,rtextents=0
[root@localhost Desktop]# mount -t xfs /dev/vg/datainfo /datainfo
[root@localhost Desktop]# mount -t xfs /dev/vg/systeminfo /systeminfo
[root@localhost Desktop]# df -Th
Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/centos-root xfs 40G 4.6G 36G 12% /
devtmpfs devtmpfs 32G 0 32G 0% /dev
tmpfs tmpfs 32G 160K 32G 1% /dev/shm
tmpfs tmpfs 32G 9.6M 32G 1% /run
tmpfs tmpfs 32G 0 32G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 vfat 96M 28M 69M 29% /boot/efi
/dev/mapper/centos-ssd xfs 289G 33M 289G 1% /ssd
tmpfs tmpfs 6.3G 12K 6.3G 1% /run/user/0
/dev/mapper/vg-soft xfs 300G 33M 300G 1% /soft
/dev/mapper/vg-datainfo xfs 800G 33M 800G 1% /datainfo
/dev/mapper/vg-systeminfo xfs 1.6T 33M 1.6T 1% /systeminfo
让系统开机自动挂载,需要在/etc/fstab添加相应的内容,最后的内容如下：
[root@localhost /]# cat /etc/fstab
#
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Tue Jul 19 19:16:20 2016
#
# Accessible filesystems,by reference,are maintained under '/dev/disk'
# See man pages fstab(5),findfs(8),mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info
#
/dev/mapper/centos-root / xfs defaults 0 0
UUID=345E-97C8 /boot/efi vfat umask=0077,shortname=winnt 0 0
/dev/mapper/centos-ssd /ssd xfs defaults 0 0
/dev/mapper/centos-swap swap swap defaults 0 0
/dev/mapper/vg-soft /soft xfs defaults 0 0
/dev/mapper/vg-datainfo /datainfo xfs defaults 0 0
/dev/mapper/vg-systeminfo /systeminfo xfs defaults 0 0
/etc/fstab中的参数请自己在网络上查找。
参考：
http://www.centoscn.com/CentOS/config/2015/0315/4891.html
http://www.opsers.org/base/create-lvm-parted.html
http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_967817f20102v2a6.html
http://my.oschina.net/guol/blog/61424
