axel插件是基于yum下的一个多线程下载插件,通过打开多个HTTP/FTP连接来将一个文件进行分段下载,从而达到加速下载的目的。对于下载大文件,该工具特别有用。可用于CentOS、RHEL、Fedora等使用yum的Linux发行版。暂时找不到rpm包,只能编译安装。使用Axel可以在低速网络环境里提高数倍的下载速度。
axel 是Linux 命令行下多线程的下载工具,支持断点续传,速度通常情况下是Wget的几倍
官方主页:http://axel.alioth.debian.org/
源码下载:
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编译安装:
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#tar-xvfaxel-2.4.tar.gz&&cdaxel-2.4
#./configure--prefix=/usr/local/axel
#make&&makeinstall
导出axel执行路径
#echo'PATH=/usr/local/axel/bin:$PATH'>/etc/profile.d/axel.sh&&source/etc/profile
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添加axel man手册查找路径
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#vim/etc/man.config
MANPATH
/usr/local/axel/share/man
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常用选项:
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-n:指定线程数
-o:指定另存为目录
-s:指定每秒的最大比特数
-q:静默模式
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Axel插件加速yum下载:
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#wgethttps://github.com/crook/yum-axelget/archive/v1.0.5.tar.gz
#tar-xvfv1.0.5
#cdyum-axelget-1.0.5/
#cpaxelget.conf/etc/yum/pluginconf.d/
#cpaxelget.py/usr/lib/yum-plugins/
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补充:
下载配置文件axelget.conf与axelget.py到yum里:
cd /etc/yum/pluginconf.d/
wget http://cnfreesoft.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/axelget/axelget.conf
也可以自己编辑,全文如下:
[main]
enabled=1
onlyhttp=1
enablesize=54000
cleanOnException=1
cd /usr/lib/yum-plugins/
wget http://cnfreesoft.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/axelget/axelget.py
from yum.plugins import PluginYumExit,TYPE_CORE,TYPE_INTERACTIVE
from urlparse import urljoin
import os,time
requires_api_version = '2.3'
plugin_type = (TYPE_CORE,TYPE_INTERACTIVE)
enablesize=300000
trymirrornum=-1
maxconn=10
httpdownloadonly=False
cleanOnException=0
def init_hook(conduit):
global enablesize,trymirrornum,maxconn,cleanOnException,httpdownloadonly
enablesize = conduit.confInt('main','enablesize',default=30000)
trymirrornum = conduit.confInt('main','trymirrornum',default=-1)
maxconn = conduit.confInt('main','maxconn',default=10)
httpdownloadonly=conduit.confBool('main','onlyhttp',default=False)
cleanOnException=conduit.confInt('main','cleanOnException',default=0)
return
def predownload_hook(conduit):
global enablesize,httpdownloadonly
preffermirror=""
PkgIdx=0
TotalPkg=len(conduit.getDownloadPackages())
for po in (conduit.getDownloadPackages()):
PkgIdx+=1
if hasattr(po,'pkgtype') and po.pkgtype == 'local':
continue
totsize = long(po.size)
ret = False
if totsize <= enablesize:
conduit.info(2,"Package %s download size %d less than %d,Skip plugin!" % (po.repo.id,totsize,enablesize))
continue
else:
conduit.info(2,"[%d/%d]Ok,we will try to use axel to download this big file:%d" % (PkgIdx,TotalPkg,totsize))
local = po.localPkg()
if os.path.exists(local):
if not os.path.exists(local+".st"):
fstate=os.stat(local)
if totsize == fstate.st_size:
conduit.info(2,"Target already exists,skip to next file!")
continue
localall = "%s %s" % (local,local+".st")
rmcmd = "rm -f %s" % (localall)
curmirroridx = 0
conduit.info(2,"Before we start,clean all the key files")
os.system(rmcmd)
connnum = totsize / enablesize
if connnum*enablesize<totsize:
connnum+=1
if connnum > maxconn:
connnum = maxconn
mirrors=[]
mirrors[:0]=po.repo.urls
if preffermirror != "":
mirrors[:0] = [preffermirror]
for url in mirrors:
if url.startswith("ftp://") and httpdownloadonly:
print "Skip Ftp Site:",url
continue
if url.startswith("file://"):
print "Skip Local Site:",url
continue
curmirroridx += 1
if (curmirroridx > trymirrornum) and (trymirrornum != -1):
conduit.info(2,"Package %s has tried %d mirrors,trymirrornum))
break
remoteurl = "%s/%s" % (url,po.remote_path)
syscmd = "axel -a -n %s %s -o %s" % (connnum,remoteurl,local)
conduit.info(2,"Execute axel cmd:\n%s" % syscmd)
os.system(syscmd)
time.sleep(2)
if os.path.exists(local+".st"):
conduit.info(2,"axel exit by exception,let's try another mirror")
if cleanOnException:
conduit.info(2,"because cleanOnException is set to 1,we do remove key file first")
os.system(rmcmd)
continue
elif not os.path.exists(local):#this mirror may not update yet
continue
else:
ret = True
preffermirror=url
break
if not ret:
conduit.info (2,"try to run rm cmd:%s" % rmcmd)
os.system(rmcmd)
最后确认 /etc/yum.conf中plugins=1
4 测试并安装yum-fastestmirror插件
yum install -y yum-fastestmirror
注:axel插件也可以当独立下载工具来使用。当成独立下载工具使用时,适用于绝大部分Linux发行版。
使用参数如下:
一般使用:axel url(下载文件地址);
限速使用:加上 -s 参数,如 -s 10240,即每秒下载的字节数,这里是 10 Kb;
限制连接数:加上 -n 参数,如 -n 5,即打开 5 个连接。
yum install axel
yum install yum-presto
yum install yum-fastestmirror
yum install yum-Metadata-parser
yum install yum-downloadonly
yum install yum-priorities
原创作品,允许转载,转载时请务必以超链接形式标明文章原始出处、作者信息和本声明。否则将追究法律责任。http://www.jb51.cc/article/p-ghhjxsll-bcx.html。原作者:ilove_vc