Centos6下nginx+keepalived构建高可用web集群

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1)拓扑描述:

wKiom1gcU2yTgDzgAADirr4wI8M594.png

2) Nginx的安装准备

pcre:兼容的正则表达式,Nginx也要支持伪静态

#yum-yinstallpcrepcre-devel
#yum-yinstallopenssl*
#mkdir-p/application/Nginx1.6.2
#ln-s/application/Nginx1.6.2/application/Nginx

3) 安装Nginx

#cd/usr/local/src
#tarxfNginx-1.6.2.tar.gz
#cdNginx-1.6.2
#useraddNginx-s/sbin/nologin-M
#./configure--user=Nginx--group=Nginx--prefix=/application/Nginx1.6.2--with-http_stub_status_module--with-http_ssl_module
#echo$?
0
#make&&makeinstall

4) 启动Nginx

检查语法:
#/application/Nginx1.6.2/sbin/Nginx-t
Nginx:theconfigurationfile/application/Nginx1.6.2/conf/Nginx.confSyntaxisok
Nginx:configurationfile/application/Nginx1.6.2/conf/Nginx.conftestissuccessful
启动Nginx:
#/application/Nginx/sbin/Nginx
查看端口号:
#lsof-i:80
COMMANDPIDUSERFDTYPEDEVICESIZE/OFFNODENAME
Nginx14603root6uIPv4293970t0TCP*:http(LISTEN)
Nginx14604Nginx6uIPv4293970t0TCP*:http(LISTEN)
#netstat-tunlp|grepNginx
tcp000.0.0.0:800.0.0.0:*LISTEN14603/Nginx
测试网页页面:
#curl-Ilocalhost
HTTP/1.1200OK
Server:Nginx/1.6.2
Date:Tue,20Sep201602:17:20GMT
Content-Type:text/html
Content-Length:612
Last-Modified:Tue,20Sep201602:11:05GMT
Connection:keep-alive
ETag:"57e09ab9-264"
Accept-Ranges:bytes

5)配置Nginx启动脚本

#vim/etc/init.d/Nginx
#!/bin/sh
#chkconfig:23458515
#description:NginxServer
#Nginx的安装目录
Nginx_HOME=/application/Nginx
#Nginx的命令
Nginx_SBIN=$Nginx_HOME/sbin/Nginx
#Nginx配置文件
Nginx_CONF=$Nginx_HOME/conf/Nginx.conf
#Nginx的pid
Nginx_PID=$Nginx_HOME/logs/Nginx.pid

Nginx_NAME="Nginx"

./etc/rc.d/init.d/functions

if[!-f$Nginx_SBIN]
then
echo"$Nginx_NAMEstartup:$Nginx_SBINnotexists!"
exit
fi

start(){
$Nginx_SBIN-c$Nginx_CONF
ret=$?
if[$ret-eq0];then
action$"Starting$Nginx_NAME:"/bin/true
else
action$"Starting$Nginx_NAME:"/bin/false
fi
}

stop(){
kill`cat$Nginx_PID`
ret=$?
if[$ret-eq0];then
action$"Stopping$Nginx_NAME:"/bin/true
else
action$"Stopping$Nginx_NAME:"/bin/false
fi
}

restart(){
stop
start
}

check(){
$Nginx_SBIN-c$Nginx_CONF-t
}


reload(){
kill-HUP`cat$Nginx_PID`&&echo"reloadsuccess!"
}

relog(){
kill-USR1`cat$Nginx_PID`&&echo"relogsuccess!"
}

case"$1"in
start)
start
;;
stop)
stop
;;
restart)
restart
;;
check|chk)
check
;;
status)
status-p$Nginx_PID
;;
reload)
reload
;;
relog)
relog
;;
*)
echo$"Usage:$0{start|stop|restart|reload|status|check|relog}"
exit1
esac
#chmod+x/etc/init.d/Nginx
#/etc/init.d/Nginxstart
#chkconfig--addNginx
#chkconfigNginxon

6) 配置Nginx的upstream功能(两台负载均衡器上做相同的配置)

#egrep-v'#'/application/Nginx/conf/Nginx.conf|grep-v'^$'
worker_processes1;
events{
worker_connections1024;
}
http{
includemime.types;
default_typeapplication/octet-stream;
includeextra/upstream01.conf;
sendfileon;
keepalive_timeout65;
server{
listen80;
server_namelocalhost;
location/{
roothtml;
indexindex.htmlindex.htm;
}
error_page500502503504/50x.html;
location=/50x.html{
roothtml;
}
}
}
说明:注意includeextra/upstream01.conf这个文件,是引用此文件(两台负载均衡器上做系统的Nginx配置)
#mkdir-p/application/Nginx/conf/extra/
#vim/application/Nginx/conf/extra/upstream01.conf
upstreamNginx.wanwan.com{
server10.10.10.128:80weight=5;
server10.10.10.132:80weight=5;
}
server{
listen80;
server_nameNginx.wanwan.com;
location/{
proxy_passhttp://Nginx.wanwan.com;
}
}
#/etc/init.d/Nginxrestart
StoppingNginx:[确定]
StartingNginx:[确定]


7)keepalived的安装

#cd/usr/local/src
#wgethttp://www.keepalived.org/software/keepalived-1.1.19.tar.gz
#ln-s/usr/src/kernels/2.6.32-573.el6.x86_64//usr/src/linux
#ls-l/usr/src
总用量244
drwxr-xr-x.2rootroot40969月232011debug
-rw-r--r--1rootroot2414371月282014keepalived-1.1.19.tar.gz
drwxr-xr-x.3rootroot40967月523:49kernels
lrwxrwxrwx1rootroot398月3108:49linux->/usr/src/kernels/2.6.32-573.el6.x86_64/
#tarxfkeepalived-1.1.19.tar.gz
#cdkeepalived-1.1.19
#./configure
#make&&makeinstall
#cp/usr/local/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived/etc/init.d/
#cp/usr/local/etc/sysconfig/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/
#mkdir-p/etc/keepalived
#cp/usr/local/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf/etc/keepalived/
#cp/usr/local/sbin/keepalived/usr/sbin/
#/etc/init.d/keepalivedstart
正在启动keepalived:[确定]
#ps-ef|grepkeepalived
root187501022:55?00:00:00keepalived-D
root1875218750022:55?00:00:00keepalived-D
root1875318750022:55?00:00:00keepalived-D
root1875518664022:55pts/000:00:00grepkeepalived
keepalived-master的配置文件/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
[root@Nginx01extra]#cat/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
!ConfigurationFileforkeepalived
global_defs{
notification_email{
314324506@qq.com
}
notification_email_fromAlexandre.Cassen@firewall.loc
smtp_serversmtp.qq.com
smtp_connect_timeout30
router_idNginx_7
}
vrrp_instanceVI_231{
stateMASTER
interfaceeth0
virtual_router_id231
priority150
advert_int1
authentication{
auth_typePASS
auth_pass1111
}
virtual_ipaddress{
10.10.10.231/24
}
}
}
keepalived-slave的配置文件/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
[root@Nginx02~]#cat/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
!ConfigurationFileforkeepalived
global_defs{
notification_email{
314324506@qq.com
}
notification_email_fromAlexandre.Cassen@firewall.loc
smtp_serversmtp.qq.com
smtp_connect_timeout30
router_idNginx_7
}
vrrp_instanceVI_231{
stateBACKUP
interfaceeth0
virtual_router_id231
priority100
advert_int1
authentication{
auth_typePASS
auth_pass1111
}
virtual_ipaddress{
10.10.10.231/24
}
}
}

8) 测试keepalived的功能(VIP为10.10.10.231)

[root@Nginx01extra]#ipaddlist
1:lo:<LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP>mtu65536qdiscnoqueuestateUNKNOWN
link/loopback00:00:00:00:00:00brd00:00:00:00:00:00
inet127.0.0.1/8scopehostlo
inet6::1/128scopehost
valid_lftforeverpreferred_lftforever
2:eth0:<BROADCAST,MULTICAST,LOWER_UP>mtu1500qdiscpfifo_faststateUPqlen1000
link/ether00:0c:29:d7:3e:f8brdff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet10.10.10.131/24brd10.10.10.255scopeglobaleth0
inet10.10.10.231/24scopeglobalsecondaryeth0
inet6fe80::20c:29ff:fed7:3ef8/64scopelink
valid_lftforeverpreferred_lftforever
[root@Nginx02~]#ipaddlist
1:lo:<LOOPBACK,LOWER_UP>mtu1500qdiscpfifo_faststateUPqlen1000
link/ether00:0c:29:71:33:ebbrdff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet10.10.10.135/24brd10.10.10.255scopeglobaleth0
inet6fe80::20c:29ff:fe71:33eb/64scopelink
valid_lftforeverpreferred_lftforever

关闭负载均衡上的keepalived功能
[root@Nginx01extra]#/etc/init.d/keepalivedstop
停止keepalived:[确定]
[root@Nginx01extra]#ipaddlist
1:lo:<LOOPBACK,LOWER_UP>mtu1500qdiscpfifo_faststateUPqlen1000
link/ether00:0c:29:d7:3e:f8brdff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet10.10.10.131/24brd10.10.10.255scopeglobaleth0
inet6fe80::20c:29ff:fed7:3ef8/64scopelink
valid_lftforeverpreferred_lftforever

[root@Nginx02~]#ipaddlist
1:lo:<LOOPBACK,LOWER_UP>mtu1500qdiscpfifo_faststateUPqlen1000
link/ether00:0c:29:71:33:ebbrdff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet10.10.10.135/24brd10.10.10.255scopeglobaleth0
inet10.10.10.231/24scopeglobalsecondaryeth0
inet6fe80::20c:29ff:fe71:33eb/64scopelink
valid_lftforeverpreferred_lftforever
由上,我们可以知道vip很快就进行了切换,那么我们恢复主负载均衡器上的keepalived功能:
[root@Nginx01extra]#/etc/init.d/keepalivedstart
正在启动keepalived:[确定]
[root@Nginx01extra]#ipaddlist
1:lo:<LOOPBACK,LOWER_UP>mtu1500qdiscpfifo_faststateUPqlen1000
link/ether00:0c:29:71:33:ebbrdff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet10.10.10.135/24brd10.10.10.255scopeglobaleth0
inet6fe80::20c:29ff:fe71:33eb/64scopelink
valid_lftforeverpreferred_lftforever
由上,我们发现当主负载均衡器恢复后,vip很快就切换过来了(因为主负载均衡器上的优先级更高)

9)测试Nginx的反向代理功能

[root@web01~]#curl10.10.10.128
MysqLsuccessfulbyoldboy!
[root@web01~]#curl10.10.10.132
thisisweb02'swebsite

然后我们在客户端打开Nginx.wanwan.com

wKioL1gcU-DjowozAABMVcbnhoU953.png

按F5刷新:

wKiom1gcU-DRKKrtAAA_BlFDMCI648.png

[root@Nginx01extra]#/etc/init.d/Nginxstop
StoppingNginx:[确定]
[root@Nginx01extra]#ipaddlist
1:lo:<LOOPBACK,LOWER_UP>mtu1500qdiscpfifo_faststateUPqlen1000
link/ether00:0c:29:d7:3e:f8brdff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet10.10.10.131/24brd10.10.10.255scopeglobaleth0
inet10.10.10.231/24scopeglobalsecondaryeth0
inet6fe80::20c:29ff:fed7:3ef8/64scopelink
valid_lftforeverpreferred_lftforever
[root@Nginx01extra]#/etc/init.d/keepalivedstop
停止keepalived:

wKioL1gcVOahs1YUAABK74YFZYY434.png

wKioL1gcVOfzfB13AABH_SsJYKs009.png

由上可知,后端网页仍旧正常。


10)注意事项

a、注意关闭负载均衡器以及web后端服务器的iptables以及selinux功能

b、两台负载均衡器上关于Nginx配置是一致的,keepalived有不同的优先级

原文链接:https://www.f2er.com/centos/380067.html

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