@H_403_1@1@H_403_1@@H_403_1@安装前环境：
@H_403_1@@H_403_1@@H_403_1@操作系统:CetnOS6.@H_403_1@6@H_403_1@x64@H_403_1@@H_403_1@最小化安装，已配置好网络IP:@H_403_1@10.10.10.12@H_403_1@，物理内存@H_403_1@32@H_403_1@GB，硬盘@H_403_1@3@H_403_1@00GB。
@H_403_1@@H_403_1@@H_403_1@已下载：@H_403_1@@H_403_1@linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip
@H_403_1@@H_403_1@linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip
@H_403_1@@H_403_1@@H_403_1@位于目录：@H_403_1@@H_403_1@/sharedisk/11G/
@H_403_1@binutilscompat-libcap1compat-libstdc++-33gccgcc-c++glibcglibc-devellibgcclibstdc++libstdc++-devellibaiolibaio-develmakesysstatunixODBCunixODBC-develelfutils-libelf-develpdksh
@H_403_1@2@H_403_1@@H_403_1@准备工作
@H_403_1@#yuminstallunzip//下载unzip,用来解压上述两个压缩文件
@H_403_1@#cd/@H_403_1@opt/hadoop@H_403_1@///切换当前目录到oracle压缩文件所在目录
@H_403_1@#unziplinux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip//解压
@H_403_1@#unziplinux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip
@H_403_1@解压后新增一个@H_403_1@/@H_403_1@opt/hadoop@H_403_1@/database@H_403_1@目录，里面是解压后的所有oracle安装文件。
@H_403_1@
@H_403_1@在/etc/hosts文件中增加主机名(通过hostname获得)到回环IP的映射如下：
@H_403_1@#vi/etc/hosts
@H_403_1@127.0.0.1localhostlocalhost.localdomainlocalhost4localhost4.localdomain4
@H_403_1@::1localhostlocalhost.localdomainlocalhost6localhost6.localdomain6
@H_403_1@10.10.10.12@H_403_1@ora11g
@H_403_1@
@H_403_1@#vi/etc/selinux/confg设置SELINUX=disabled
@H_403_1@#setenforce0//关闭selinux
@H_403_1@#serviceiptablesstop//临时关闭防火墙
@H_403_1@3@H_403_1@@H_403_1@安装必须的包
@H_403_1@#yuminstallnfs-utils//可以挂载nfsserver
@H_403_1@#yuminstallgccmakebinutilsgcc-c++compat-libstdc++-33elfutils-libelf-develelfutils-libelf-devel-statickshlibaiolibaio-develnumactl-develsysstatunixODBCunixODBC-develpcre-devel
@H_403_1@检查那些包没有安装成功
@H_403_1@rpm-q--queryformat%-{name}-%{version}-%{release}-%{arch}"\n"\@H_403_1@compat-dbcompat-gcc-34compat-gcc-34-c++compat-libstdc++-33glibc-*glibc-*.i686libXpm-*.i686libXp.so.6libXt.so.6libXtst.so.6libgcc_s.so.1kshlibXplibaio-develnumactlnumactl-develunixODBCunixODBC-devel
@H_403_1@4@H_403_1@@H_403_1@准备安装用户及用户组
@H_403_1@#groupaddoinstall
@H_403_1@#groupadddba
@H_403_1@#useradd-goinstall-Gdbaoracle
@H_403_1@#passwdoracle//设置oracle密码
@H_403_1@5@H_403_1@@H_403_1@修改内核参数配置文件
@H_403_1@#vi/etc/sysctl.conf在文件最后增加（根据文档要求kernel.shmmax设成物理内存的一半最合理）
@H_403_1@fs.aio-max-nr=1048576
@H_403_1@fs.file-max=6553600
@H_403_1@kernel.shmall=2097152
@H_403_1@kernel.shmmax=8588934592
@H_403_1@kernel.shmmni=4096
@H_403_1@kernel.sem=25032000100128
@H_403_1@net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range=102465000
@H_403_1@net.core.rmem_default=262144
@H_403_1@net.core.rmem_max=4194304
@H_403_1@net.core.wmem_default=262144
@H_403_1@net.core.wmem_max=1048586
@H_403_1@#/sbin/sysctl-p//让参数生效
@H_403_1@6@H_403_1@@H_403_1@修改用户的限制文件
@H_403_1@#vi/etc/security/limits.conf在文件后增加
@H_403_1@oraclesoftnproc2047
@H_403_1@oraclehardnproc16384
@H_403_1@oraclesoftnofile1024
@H_403_1@oraclehardnofile65536
@H_403_1@oraclesoftstack10240
@H_403_1@修改@H_403_1@/etc/pam.d/login@H_403_1@文件，增加如下：
@H_403_1@sessionrequired/lib64/security/pam_limits.so//64位系统时，千万别写成错/lib/security/pam_limits.so//否则导致无法登录
@H_403_1@sessionrequiredpam_limits.so
@H_403_1@修改/etc/profile,增加：@H_403_1@---不加也可以
@H_403_1@if[$USER="oracle"];then
@H_403_1@if[$SHELL="/bin/ksh"];then
@H_403_1@ulimit-p16384
@H_403_1@ulimit-n65536
@H_403_1@else
@H_403_1@ulimit-u16384-n65536
@H_403_1@fi
@H_403_1@fi
@H_403_1@7@H_403_1@@H_403_1@创建安装目录和设置文件权限
@H_403_1@#mkdir-p/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0//数据库系统安装目录
@H_403_1@#mkdir/u01/app/oracle/oradata//数据库数据安装目录
@H_403_1@#mkdir/u01/app/oracle/inventory@H_403_1@ //此目录最好单独放一个目录下，不要放在oracle安装目录下
@H_403_1@#mkdir@H_403_1@@H_403_1@/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area@H_403_1@ //此目录最好单独放一个目录下，不要放在oracle安装目录下
@H_403_1@#chown-Roracle:oinstall/u01/app/oracle
@H_403_1@chown-Roracle:oinstall@H_403_1@/@H_403_1@opt/hadoop@H_403_1@/database/
@H_403_1@
@H_403_1@#chmod-R775/u01/app/oracle
@H_403_1@设置环境变量:@H_403_1@@H_403_1@修改@H_403_1@/home/oracle/.bash_profile@H_403_1@文件，增加如下
@H_403_1@#su-oracle
@H_403_1@exportORACLE_BASE@H_403_1@=@H_403_1@/opt/hadoop/u01/app/oracle
@H_403_1@exportORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0
@H_403_1@exportORACLE_SID=ora11
@H_403_1@exportPATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
@H_403_1@exportLD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/usr/lib
@H_403_1@8@H_403_1@@H_403_1@编辑静默安装响应文件
@H_403_1@$cp-R/sharedisk/11G/database/response/home/oracle//复制一份模板
@H_403_1@$cd/home/oracle/response
@H_403_1@$vidb_install.rsp//开始修改这个安装响应文件，@H_403_1@此文件只是安装数据库软件
@H_403_1@需要设置的选项如下：
@H_403_1@oracle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_dbinstall_response_schema_v11_2_0//系统生成的，不要修改
@H_403_1@oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY//只安装软件，不安装启动数据库
@H_403_1@ORACLE_HOSTNAME=ora11g//通过hostname命令获得
@H_403_1@UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall
@H_403_1@INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/app/oracle/inventory
@H_403_1@SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,zh_CN
@H_403_1@ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0
@H_403_1@ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
@H_403_1@oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE
@H_403_1@oracle.install.db.isCustomInstall=false
@H_403_1@oracle.install.db.customComponents=oracle.server:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.sysman.ccr:10.2.7.0.0,oracle.xdk:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.rdbms.oci:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.network:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.network.listener:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.rdbms:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.options:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.rdbms.partitioning:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.oraolap:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.rdbms.dm:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.rdbms.dv:11.2.0.1.0,orcle.rdbms.lbac:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.rdbms.rat:11.2.0.1.0
@H_403_1@oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba
@H_403_1@oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=dba
@H_403_1@DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true//一定要设置为true
@H_403_1@9@H_403_1@@H_403_1@根据响应文件安装oracle
@H_403_1@$cd/sharedisk/11G/database
@H_403_1@$./runInstaller-silent-responseFile/home/oracle/response/db_install.rsp-ignorePrereq
@H_403_1@StartingOracleUniversalInstaller...
@H_403_1@CheckingTempspace:mustbegreaterthan120MB.Actual1240MBPassed
@H_403_1@Checkingswapspace:0MBavailable,150MBrequired.Failed<<<<
@H_403_1@Checkingmonitor:mustbeconfiguredtodisplayatleast256colors
@H_403_1@>>>Couldnotexecuteautocheckfordisplaycolorsusingcommand/usr/bin/xdpyinfo.CheckiftheDISPLAYvariableisset.Failed<<<<
@H_403_1@SomerequirementchecksFailed.Youmustfulfilltheserequirementsbefore
@H_403_1@continuingwiththeinstallation,
@H_403_1@Continue?(y/n)[n]y
@H_403_1@安装过程中，如果提示[WARNING]不必理会，此时安装程序仍在进行，如果出现[FATAL]，则安装程序已经停止了。打开另一个终端，执行
@H_403_1@#tail-100f@H_403_1@@H_403_1@/u01/app/oracle/inventory/logs/installActions......log
@H_403_1@可以实时跟踪查看安装日志，了解安装的进度。
@H_403_1@beexecutedasthe"root"user.
@H_403_1@#!/bin/sh
@H_403_1@#Rootscriptstorun
@H_403_1@/u01/app/oracle/inventory/orainstRoot.sh
@H_403_1@/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/root.sh
@H_403_1@Toexecutetheconfigurationscripts:
@H_403_1@1.Openaterminalwindow
@H_403_1@2.Loginas"root"
@H_403_1@3.Runthescripts
@H_403_1@4.Returntothiswindowandhit"Enter"keytocontinue
@H_403_1@SuccessfullySetupSoftware.
@H_403_1@$exit//退回到root
@H_403_1@#sh/u01/app/oracle/inventory/orainstRoot.sh
@H_403_1@#sh/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/root.sh
@H_403_1@10@H_403_1@@H_403_1@静默配置监听
@H_403_1@$netca/silent/responsefile/home/oracle/response/netca.rsp
@H_403_1@Parsingcommandlinearguments:
@H_403_1@Parameter"silent"=true
@H_403_1@Parameter"responsefile"=/home/oracle/response/netca.rsp
@H_403_1@Doneparsingcommandlinearguments.
@H_403_1@OracleNetServicesConfiguration:
@H_403_1@Profileconfigurationcomplete.
@H_403_1@OracleNetListenerStartup:
@H_403_1@RunningListenerControl:
@H_403_1@/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/bin/lsnrctlstartLISTENER
@H_403_1@ListenerControlcomplete.
@H_403_1@Listenerstartedsuccessfully.
@H_403_1@Listenerconfigurationcomplete.
@H_403_1@OracleNetServicesconfigurationsuccessful.Theexitcodeis0
@H_403_1@成功运行后，在/u01/app/oracle/11.2.0/network/admin目录下生成sqlnet.ora和listener.ora两个文件。
@H_403_1@通过netstat–tlnp命令，看到
@H_403_1@tcp00:::1521:::*LISTEN10760/tnslsnr
@H_403_1@说明监听器已经在1521端口上开始工作了。
@H_403_1@11@H_403_1@@H_403_1@静默建立新库（同时也建立一个对应的实例）
@H_403_1@修改@H_403_1@/home/oracle/response/dbca.rsp@H_403_1@，设置如下：
@H_403_1@[GENERAL]
@H_403_1@RESPONSEFILE_VERSION="11.2.0"//不能更改
@H_403_1@OPERATION_TYPE="createDatabase"
@H_403_1@[CREATEDATABASE]
@H_403_1@GDBNAME="ora11"//数据库的名字
@H_403_1@SID="ora11"//对应的实例名字
@H_403_1@TEMPLATENAME="General_Purpose.dbc"//建库用的模板文件
@H_403_1@SYSPASSWORD="oracle"//SYS管理员密码
@H_403_1@SYSTEMPASSWORD="oracle"//SYSTEM管理员密码
@H_403_1@DATAFILEDESTINATION=/u01/app/oracle/oradata//数据文件存放目录
@H_403_1@RECOVERYAREADESTINATION=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area//恢复数据存放目录
@H_403_1@CHARACTERSET="ZHS16GBK"//字符集，重要!!!建库后一般不能更改，所以建库前要确定清楚。
@H_403_1@TOTALMEMORY="3276"//oracle内存3276MB(allmem*80%)
@H_403_1@静默建库命令如下
@H_403_1@$dbca-silent-responseFile/home/oracle/response/dbca.rsp
@H_403_1@Copyingdatabasefiles
@H_403_1@1%complete
@H_403_1@3%complete
@H_403_1@11%complete
@H_403_1@18%complete
@H_403_1@26%complete
@H_403_1@37%complete
@H_403_1@CreatingandstartingOracleinstance
@H_403_1@40%complete
@H_403_1@45%complete
@H_403_1@50%complete
@H_403_1@55%complete
@H_403_1@56%complete
@H_403_1@60%complete
@H_403_1@62%complete
@H_403_1@CompletingDatabaseCreation
@H_403_1@66%complete
@H_403_1@70%complete
@H_403_1@73%complete
@H_403_1@85%complete
@H_403_1@96%complete
@H_403_1@100%complete
@H_403_1@Lookatthelogfile"/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/ora11/ora11.log"forfurtherdetails.
@H_403_1@$cat/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/ora11/ora11.log
@H_403_1@DBCA_PROGRESS:1%
@H_403_1@DBCA_PROGRESS:3%
@H_403_1@DBCA_PROGRESS:11%
@H_403_1@DBCA_PROGRESS:18%
@H_403_1@DBCA_PROGRESS:26%
@H_403_1@DBCA_PROGRESS:37%
@H_403_1@DBCA_PROGRESS:40%
@H_403_1@DBCA_PROGRESS:45%
@H_403_1@DBCA_PROGRESS:50%
@H_403_1@DBCA_PROGRESS:55%
@H_403_1@DBCA_PROGRESS:56%
@H_403_1@DBCA_PROGRESS:60%
@H_403_1@DBCA_PROGRESS:62%
@H_403_1@DBCA_PROGRESS:66%
@H_403_1@DBCA_PROGRESS:70%
@H_403_1@DBCA_PROGRESS:73%
@H_403_1@DBCA_PROGRESS:85%
@H_403_1@DBCA_PROGRESS:96%
@H_403_1@DBCA_PROGRESS:100%
@H_403_1@Databasecreationcomplete.Fordetailscheckthelogfilesat:
@H_403_1@/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/ora11.
@H_403_1@DatabaseInformation:
@H_403_1@GlobalDatabaseName:ora11
@H_403_1@SystemIdentifier(SID):ora11
@H_403_1@建库后实例检查：
@H_403_1@$ps-ef|grepora_|grep-vgrep
@H_403_1@oracle112791012:04?00:00:00ora_pmon_ora11
@H_403_1@oracle112811112:04?00:00:02ora_vktm_ora11
@H_403_1@oracle112851012:04?00:00:00ora_gen0_ora11
@H_403_1@oracle112871012:04?00:00:00ora_diag_ora11
@H_403_1@oracle112891012:04?00:00:00ora_dbrm_ora11
@H_403_1@oracle112911012:04?00:00:00ora_psp0_ora11
@H_403_1@oracle112931012:04?00:00:00ora_dia0_ora11
@H_403_1@oracle112951012:04?00:00:00ora_mman_ora11
@H_403_1@oracle112971012:04?00:00:00ora_dbw0_ora11
@H_403_1@oracle112991012:04?00:00:00ora_lgwr_ora11
@H_403_1@oracle113011012:04?00:00:01ora_ckpt_ora11
@H_403_1@oracle113031012:04?00:00:00ora_smon_ora11
@H_403_1@oracle113051012:04?00:00:00ora_reco_ora11
@H_403_1@oracle113071112:04?00:00:02ora_mmon_ora11
@H_403_1@oracle113091012:04?00:00:01ora_mmnl_ora11
@H_403_1@oracle113111012:04?00:00:00ora_d000_ora11
@H_403_1@oracle113131012:04?00:00:00ora_s000_ora11
@H_403_1@oracle113231012:04?00:00:01ora_qmnc_ora11
@H_403_1@oracle113401012:04?00:00:01ora_cjq0_ora11
@H_403_1@oracle113421012:04?00:00:01ora_q000_ora11
@H_403_1@oracle113441012:04?00:00:00ora_q001_ora11
@H_403_1@$lsnrctlstatus
@H_403_1@LSNRCTLforLinux:Version11.2.0.1.0-Productionon26-AUG-201412:07:54
@H_403_1@Copyright(c)1991,2009,Oracle.Allrightsreserved.
@H_403_1@Connectingto(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
@H_403_1@STATUSoftheLISTENER
@H_403_1@------------------------
@H_403_1@AliasLISTENER
@H_403_1@VersionTNSLSNRforLinux:Version11.2.0.1.0-Production
@H_403_1@StartDate26-AUG-201411:11:10
@H_403_1@Uptime0days0hr.56min.44sec
@H_403_1@TraceLeveloff
@H_403_1@SecurityON:LocalOSAuthentication
@H_403_1@SNMPOFF
@H_403_1@ListenerParameterFile/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/network/admin/listener.ora
@H_403_1@ListenerLogFile/u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/ora11g/listener/alert/log.xml
@H_403_1@ListeningEndpointsSummary...
@H_403_1@(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
@H_403_1@(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=ora11g)(PORT=1521)))
@H_403_1@ServicesSummary...
@H_403_1@Service"ora11"has1instance(s).
@H_403_1@Instance"ora11",statusREADY,has1handler(s)forthisservice...
@H_403_1@Service"ora11XDB"has1instance(s).
@H_403_1@Thecommandcompletedsuccessfully
@H_403_1@12@H_403_1@@H_403_1@修改数据库为归档模式(归档模式才能热备份，增量备份)
@H_403_1@sql*Plus:Release11.2.0.1.0ProductiononTueAug2613:37:342014
@H_403_1@Copyright(c)1982,255)">@H_403_1@Connectedto:
@H_403_1@OracleDatabase11gEnterpriseEditionRelease11.2.0.1.0-64bitProduction
@H_403_1@WiththePartitioning,OLAP,DataMiningandRealApplicationTestingoptions
@H_403_1@sql>shutdownimmediate;
@H_403_1@Databaseclosed.
@H_403_1@Databasedismounted.
@H_403_1@ORACLEinstanceshutdown.
@H_403_1@ORACLEinstancestarted.
@H_403_1@TotalSystemGlobalArea1603411968bytes
@H_403_1@FixedSize2213776bytes
@H_403_1@VariableSize402655344bytes
@H_403_1@DatabaseBuffers1191182336bytes
@H_403_1@RedoBuffers7360512bytes
@H_403_1@Databasemounted.
@H_403_1@sql>alterdatabasearchivelog;
@H_403_1@Databasealtered.
@H_403_1@sql>alterdatabaseflashbackon;
@H_403_1@sql>alterdatabaSEOpen;
@H_403_1@sql>executeutl_recomp.recomp_serial();
@H_403_1@PL/sqlproceduresuccessfullycompleted.
@H_403_1@sql>altersystemarchivelogcurrent;
@H_403_1@Systemaltered.
@H_403_1@13@H_403_1@@H_403_1@修改oracle启动配置文件
@H_403_1@$vi/etc/oratab
@H_403_1@ora11:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0:Y
@H_403_1@这样就可以通过dbstart@H_403_1@@H_403_1@启动此实例，也可以通过dbshut关闭此实例了。
@H_403_1@$dbshut/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0
@H_403_1@ProcessingDatabaseinstance"ora11":logfile/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/shutdown.log
@H_403_1@此时所有oracle的进程关闭，监听器也停止。
@H_403_1@$dbstart/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0
@H_403_1@ProcessingDatabaseinstance"ora11":logfile/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/startup.log
@H_403_1@此时监听器工作，hello实例运行，再次查看监听器状态。
@H_403_1@要想让oracle服务随着系统启动而自动启动，需要在/etc/rc.local文件中增加如下：
@H_403_1@su-oracle-c"/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/bin/dbstart/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0"
@H_403_1@#vi/etc/rc.d/init.d/oracle
@H_403_1@#!/bin/bash
@H_403_1@#oracle:Start/StopOracleDatabase11gR2
@H_403_1@#
@H_403_1@#chkconfig:3459010
@H_403_1@#description:TheOracleDatabaseisanObject-RelationalDatabaseManagementSystem.
@H_403_1@#processname:oracle
@H_403_1@./etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
@H_403_1@LOCKFILE=/var/lock/subsys/oracle
@H_403_1@ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2
@H_403_1@ORACLE_USER=oracle
@H_403_1@case"$1"in
@H_403_1@'start')
@H_403_1@if[-f$LOCKFILE];then
@H_403_1@echo$0alreadyrunning.
@H_403_1@exit1
@H_403_1@echo-n$"StartingOracleDatabase:"
@H_403_1@su-$ORACLE_USER-c"$ORACLE_HOME/bin/lsnrctlstart"
@H_403_1@su-$ORACLE_USER-c"$ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbstart$ORACLE_HOME"
@H_403_1@su-$ORACLE_USER-c"$ORACLE_HOME/bin/emctlstartdbconsole"
@H_403_1@touch$LOCKFILE
@H_403_1@;;
@H_403_1@'stop')
@H_403_1@if[!-f$LOCKFILE];then
@H_403_1@echo$0alreadystopping.
@H_403_1@echo-n$"StoppingOracleDatabase:"
@H_403_1@su-$ORACLE_USER-c"$ORACLE_HOME/bin/lsnrctlstop"
@H_403_1@su-$ORACLE_USER-c"$ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbshut"
@H_403_1@su-$ORACLE_USER-c"$ORACLE_HOME/bin/emctlstopdbconsole"
@H_403_1@rm-f$LOCKFILE
@H_403_1@'restart')
@H_403_1@$0stop
@H_403_1@$0start
@H_403_1@'status')
@H_403_1@echo$0started.
@H_403_1@echo$0stopped.
@H_403_1@*)
@H_403_1@echo"Usage:$0[start|stop|status]"
@H_403_1@esac
@H_403_1@exit0
@H_403_1@#serviceoracleon
