一、zabbix简介与环境准备
简介详见 ---> zabbix简介
环境准备： CentOS 7（node7）：zabbix-server，web，MysqL，agent
mariadb：5.5.50
zabbix组件：3.2.1
apache：2.4.6
二、安装与配置
1、安装数据库（mariadb），可直接yum安装
[root@node7~]#vim/etc/yum.repos.d/MariaDB.repo [mariadb] name=MariaDB baseurl=http://yum.mariadb.org/10.0/centos7-amd64 gpgkey=https://yum.mariadb.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-MariaDB gpgcheck=1 [root@node7~]#yum-yinstallMariaDB-clientMariaDB-serverMariaDB-devel
2、配置数据库
[root@node7~]#vim/etc/my.cnf innodb_file_per_table=1 skip_name_resolve=1
2.2 创建zabbix库并授权普通用户远程访问
[root@node7~]#systemctlstartmariadb [root@node7~]#MysqL-e"grantallon*.*to'root'@'localhost'identifiedby'root';" [root@node7~]#MysqL-uroot-proot WelcometotheMariaDBmonitor.Commandsendwith;or\g. YourMariaDBconnectionidis18 Serverversion:5.5.50-MariaDBMariaDBServer Copyright(c)2000,2016,Oracle,MariaDBCorporationAbandothers. Type'help;'or'\h'forhelp.Type'\c'toclearthecurrentinputstatement. MariaDB[(none)]>createdatabasezabbixcharactersetutf8collateutf8_bin; QueryOK,0rowsaffected(0.43sec) MariaDB[(none)]>grantallonzabbix.*tozabbix@localhostidentifiedby'zabbix'; QueryOK,0rowsaffected(0.00sec) MariaDB[(none)]>grantallonzabbix.*tozabbix@192.168.1.20identifiedby'zabbix'; QueryOK,0rowsaffected(0.00sec) MariaDB[(none)]>flushprivileges; QueryOK,0rowsaffected(0.00sec) MariaDB[(none)]>\q Bye
3、安装zabbix
[root@node7~]#groupaddzabbix [root@node7~]#useradd-gzabbixzabbix
3.2 使用yum方式安装zabbix
[root@node7~]#rpm-ivh [root@node7~]#yumcleanall [root@node7~]#yummakecache [root@node7~]#yuminstallzabbixzabbix-serverzabbix-server-MysqLzabbix-webzabbix-agentzabbix-senderzabbix-getzabbix-web-MysqL
3.3 将zabbix数据导入数据库
[root@node7~]#zcat/usr/share/doc/zabbix-server-MysqL-3.2.1/create.sql|MysqL-uzabbix-pzabbixzabbix
[root@node7~]#MysqL-uzabbix-pzabbix WelcometotheMariaDBmonitor.Commandsendwith;or\g. YourMariaDBconnectionidis21 Serverversion:5.5.50-MariaDBMariaDBServer Copyright(c)2000,MariaDBCorporationAbandothers. Type'help;'or'\h'forhelp.Type'\c'toclearthecurrentinputstatement. MariaDB[(none)]>showdatabases; +--------------------+ |Database| +--------------------+ |information_schema| |test| |zabbix| +--------------------+ 3rowsinset(0.00sec) MariaDB[(none)]>usezabbix Readingtableinformationforcompletionoftableandcolumnnames Youcanturnoffthisfeaturetogetaquickerstartupwith-A Databasechanged MariaDB[zabbix]>showtables; 127rowsinset(0.00sec) MariaDB[zabbix]>\q Bye
3.5 配置zabbix-server
[root@node7~]#vim/etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf ##日志文件 LogFile=/var/log/zabbix/zabbix_server.log ##定义日志文件大小，到达上限即开始滚动 LogFileSize=0 ##Pid文件 PidFile=/var/run/zabbix/zabbix_server.pid ##数据库地址 DBHost=localhost,192.168.1.20,127.0.0.1,##数据库名 DBName=zabbix ##zabbix登录数据库所用用户名 DBUser=zabbix ##登录数据库的密码 DBPassword=zabbix ##MysqL.sock文件路径 #DBSocket=/tmp/MysqL.sock此处路径为编译安装时路径 DBSocket=/var/lib/MysqL/MysqL.sock ##数据库监听的端口 #DBPort=3306
3.6 zabbix-server高级配置详解
1、server端拉取agent端的items，开启的空闲数默认为5 ###Option:StartPollers #Numberofpre-forkedinstancesofpollers. # #Mandatory:no #Range:0-1000 #Default: #StartPollers=5 2、硬件级别的监控，默认启动空闲为0 ###Option:StartIPMIPollers #Numberofpre-forkedinstancesofIPMIpollers. # #Mandatory:no #Range:0-1000 #Default: #StartIPMIPollers=0 3、对不可达主机拉取数据 ###Option:StartPollersUnreachable #arestarted. # #Mandatory:no #Range:0-1000 #Default: #StartPollersUnreachable=1 4、陷阱机制，即对于中途加入的主机主动发送的数据进行保存，陷阱池默认为5个 ###Option:StartTrappers #Numberofpre-forkedinstancesoftrappers. #inthefrontend. # #Mandatory:no #Range:0-1000 #Default: #StartTrappers=5 5、使用ICMP协议的ping对网络中主机进行在线状态检测 ###Option:StartPingers #Numberofpre-forkedinstancesofICMPpingers. # #Mandatory:no #Range:0-1000 #Default: #StartPingers=1 6、对网络中的主机ping主动扫描发现，对中途加入的主机进行上线。注意：主动发现很消耗带宽 ###Option:StartDiscoverers #Numberofpre-forkedinstancesofdiscoverers. # #Mandatory:no #Range:0-250 #Default: #StartDiscoverers=1 7、使用http协议请求网页资源，探测主机web服务是否正常 ###Option:StartHTTPPollers #Numberofpre-forkedinstancesofHTTPpollers. # #Mandatory:no #Range:0-1000 #Default: #StartHTTPPollers=1 8、对时序有关的监控项计时 ###Option:StartTimers #Numberofpre-forkedinstancesoftimers. #Timersprocesstime-basedtriggerfunctionsandmaintenanceperiods. #Onlythefirsttimerprocesshandlesthemaintenanceperiods. # #Mandatory:no #Range:1-1000 #Default: #StartTimers=1 9、 ###Option:StartEscalators #Numberofpre-forkedinstancesofescalators. # #Mandatory:no #Range:0-100 #Default: #StartEscalators=1 10、监控java虚拟机 ###Option:JavaGateway #IPaddress(orhostname)ofZabbixJavagateway. #OnlyrequiredifJavapollersarestarted. # #Mandatory:no #Default: #JavaGateway= 11、监控java开启的端口 ###Option:JavaGatewayPort #PortthatZabbixJavagatewaylistenson. # #Mandatory:no #Range:1024-32767 #Default: #JavaGatewayPort=10052 12、server端拉取jdk的数据 ###Option:StartJavaPollers #Numberofpre-forkedinstancesofJavapollers. # #Mandatory:no #Range:0-1000 #Default: #StartJavaPollers=0 13、监控VMware虚拟机的各项参数 ###Option:StartVMwareCollectors #Numberofpre-forkedvmwarecollectorinstances. # #Mandatory:no #Range:0-250 #Default: #StartVMwareCollectors=0 14、监控VMware虚拟机的频率，默认60秒 ###Option:VMwareFrequency #HowoftenZabbixwillconnecttoVMwareservicetoobtainanewdata. # #Mandatory:no #Range:10-86400 #Default: #VMwareFrequency=60 15、监控VMware的服务 ###Option:VMwarePerfFrequency #HowoftenZabbixwillconnecttoVMwareservicetoobtainperformancedata. # #Mandatory:no #Range:10-86400 #Default: #VMwarePerfFrequency=60 16、监控VMware的内存使用 ###Option:VMwareCacheSize #SizeofVMwarecache,inbytes. #SharedmemorysizeforstoringVMwaredata. #OnlyusedifVMwarecollectorsarestarted. # #Mandatory:no #Range:256K-2G #Default: #VMwareCacheSize=8M 17、VMware的超时时间 ###Option:VMwareTimeout # #Mandatory:no #Range:1-300 #Default: #VMwareTimeout=10 18、SNMP日志文件路径 ###Option:SNMPTrapperFile #TemporaryfileusedforpassingdatafromSNMPtrapdaemontotheserver. #Mustbethesameasinzabbix_trap_receiver.plorSNMPTTconfigurationfile. # #Mandatory:no #Default: #SNMPTrapperFile=/tmp/zabbix_traps.tmp SNMPTrapperFile=/var/log/snmptrap/snmptrap.log 19、SNMP协议的陷阱机制，同上 ###Option:StartSNMPTrapper #If1,SNMPtrapperprocessisstarted. # #Mandatory:no #Range:0-1 #Default: #StartSNMPTrapper=0 20、SNMP监听地址 ###Option:ListenIP #ListofcommadelimitedIPaddressesthatthetrappershouldlistenon. #Trapperwilllistenonallnetworkinterfacesifthisparameterismissing. # #Mandatory:no #Default: #ListenIP=0.0.0.0 #ListenIP=127.0.0.1 21、从数据库中移除过期数据 ###Option:HousekeepingFrequency #HowoftenZabbixwillperformhousekeepingprocedure(inhours). #Housekeepingisremovingoutdatedinformationfromthedatabase. # #Mandatory:no #Range:0-24 #Default: #HousekeepingFrequency=1 22、将上一项中的每一项任务删除 ###Option:MaxHousekeeperDelete #[housekeeperid],[tablename],[field],[value]. #willbedeletedperonetaskinonehousekeepingcycle. # #Mandatory:no #Range:0-1000000 #Default: #MaxHousekeeperDelete=5000 23、对尚未发送的报警信息30秒重发送一次 ###Option:SenderFrequency #HowoftenZabbixwilltrytosendunsentalerts(inseconds). # #Mandatory:no #Range:5-3600 #Default: #SenderFrequency=30 24、配置缓存大小 ###Option:CacheSize #Sizeofconfigurationcache,inbytes. #Sharedmemorysizeforstoringhost,itemandtriggerdata. # #Mandatory:no #Range:128K-8G #Default: #CacheSize=8M 25、缓存刷新时间 ###Option:CacheUpdateFrequency #HowoftenZabbixwillperformupdateofconfigurationcache,inseconds. # #Mandatory:no #Range:1-3600 #Default: #CacheUpdateFrequency=60 26、数据库同步实例数 ###Option:StartDBSyncers #Numberofpre-forkedinstancesofDBSyncers. # #Mandatory:no #Range:1-100 #Default: #StartDBSyncers=4 27、定义缓存的历史数据大小 ###Option:HistoryCacheSize #Sizeofhistorycache,inbytes. #Sharedmemorysizeforstoringhistorydata. # #Mandatory:no #Range:128K-2G #Default: #HistoryCacheSize=16M 28、历史表单的缓存数据大小 ###Option:HistoryIndexCacheSize #Sizeofhistoryindexcache,inbytes. #Sharedmemorysizeforindexinghistorycache. # #Mandatory:no #Range:128K-2G #Default: #HistoryIndexCacheSize=4M 29、趋势数据缓存大小 ###Option:TrendCacheSize # #Mandatory:no #Range:128K-2G #Default: #TrendCacheSize=4M 30、用于缓存历史数据的大小，0为禁用 ###Option:ValueCacheSize #Sizeofhistoryvaluecache,inbytes. #Sharedmemorysizeforcachingitemhistorydatarequests. #Settingto0disablesvaluecache. # #Mandatory:no #Range:0,128K-64G #Default: #ValueCacheSize=8M 31、定义超时时间 ###Option:Timeout # #Mandatory:no #Range:1-30 #Default: #Timeout=3 Timeout=4 32、陷阱机制的超时时间 ###Option:TrapperTimeout #Specifieshowmanysecondstrappermayspendprocessingnewdata. # #Mandatory:no #Range:1-300 #Default: #TrapperTimeout=300 33、定义主机不可达的超时时间 ###Option:UnreachablePeriod #Afterhowmanysecondsofunreachabilitytreatahostasunavailable. # #Mandatory:no #Range:1-3600 #Default: #UnreachablePeriod=45 34、在主机不可用期间，定期检查主机的时间 ###Option:UnavailableDelay #Howoftenhostischeckedforavailabilityduringtheunavailabilityperiod,inseconds. #Mandatory:no #Range:1-3600 #Default: #UnavailableDelay=60 35、在主机被监控期间检查的时间 ###Option:UnreachableDelay #Howoftenhostischeckedforavailabilityduringtheunreachabilityperiod,inseconds. #Mandatory:no #Range:1-3600 #Default: #UnreachableDelay=15 36、自定义报警脚本的路径，默认值取决于编译选项 ###Option:AlertScriptsPath #Fullpathtolocationofcustomalertscripts. #Defaultdependsoncompilationoptions. # #Mandatory:no #Default: #AlertScriptsPath=${datadir}/zabbix/alertscripts AlertScriptsPath=/usr/lib/zabbix/alertscripts 37、外部脚本的路径，默认值取决于编译选项 ###Option:ExternalScripts #Fullpathtolocationofexternalscripts. #Defaultdependsoncompilationoptions. # #Mandatory:no #Default: #ExternalScripts=${datadir}/zabbix/externalscripts ExternalScripts=/usr/lib/zabbix/externalscripts 38、执行ping检查时fping命令路径，fping可并行执行 ###Option:FpingLocation #Locationoffping. #MakesurethatfpingbinaryhasrootownershipandSUIDflagset. # #Mandatory:no #Default: #FpingLocation=/usr/sbin/fping 39、V6 ###Option:Fping6Location #Locationoffping6. #Makesurethatfping6binaryhasrootownershipandSUIDflagset. #MakeemptyifyourfpingutilityiscapabletoprocessIPv6addresses. # #Mandatory:no #Default: #Fping6Location=/usr/sbin/fping6 40、使用密钥为SSH登录认证 ###Option:SSHKeyLocation #LocationofpublicandprivatekeysfoRSSHchecksandactions. # #Mandatory:no #Default: #SSHKeyLocation= 41、数据库查询时间，0为不登录慢速查询 ###Option:LogSlowQueries #Howlongadatabasequerymaytakebeforebeinglogged(inmilliseconds). #OnlyworksifDebugLevelsetto3,4or5. #0-don'tlogslowqueries. # #Mandatory:no #Range:1-3600000 #Default: #LogSlowQueries=0 LogSlowQueries=3000 42、临时目录 ###Option:TmpDir #Temporarydirectory. # #Mandatory:no #Default: #TmpDir=/tmp 43、代理服务器拉取数据 ###Option:StartProxyPollers #Numberofpre-forkedinstancesofpollersforpassiveproxies. # #Mandatory:no #Range:0-250 #Default: #StartProxyPollers=1 44、用于被动模式的proxy，由sercer端发送配置信息 ###Option:ProxyConfigFrequency #HowoftenZabbixServersendsconfigurationdatatoaZabbixProxyinseconds. #Thisparameterisusedonlyforproxiesinthepassivemode. # #Mandatory:no #Range:1-3600*24*7 #Default: #ProxyConfigFrequency=3600 45、用于被动模式的proxy，由sercer端拉取数据 ###Option:ProxyDataFrequency #HowoftenZabbixServerrequestshistorydatafromaZabbixProxyinseconds. #Thisparameterisusedonlyforproxiesinthepassivemode. # #Mandatory:no #Range:1-3600 #Default: #ProxyDataFrequency=1 46、禁止root用户运行zabbix，0为禁止 ###Option:AllowRoot #Allowtheservertorunas'root'.Ifdisabledandtheserverisstartedby'root',theserver #willtrytoswitchtotheuserspecifiedbytheUserconfigurationoptioninstead. #Hasnoeffectifstartedunderaregularuser. #0-donotallow #1-allow # #Mandatory:no #Default: #AllowRoot=0 47、禁止root用户后使用的普通用户 ###Option:User #Dropprivilegestoaspecific,existinguseronthesystem. #Onlyhaseffectifrunas'root'andAllowRootisdisabled. # #Mandatory:no #Default: #User=zabbix 48、yum安装zabbix时创建的目录 ###Option:Include #Youmayincludeindividualfilesorallfilesinadirectoryintheconfigurationfile. #InstallingZabbixwillcreateincludedirectoryin/usr/local/etc,unlessmodifiedduringthecompiletime. # #Mandatory:no #Default: #Include= #Include=/usr/local/etc/zabbix_server.general.conf #Include=/usr/local/etc/zabbix_server.conf.d/ #Include=/usr/local/etc/zabbix_server.conf.d/*.conf 49、web监测时所用SSL协议证书路径 ###Option:SSLCertLocation #LocationofSSLclientcertificates. #Thisparameterisusedonlyinwebmonitoring. # #Mandatory:no #Default: #SSLCertLocation=${datadir}/zabbix/ssl/certs 50、web监测时所用SSL协议密钥路径 ###Option:SSLKeyLocation #LocationofprivatekeysfoRSSLclientcertificates. #Thisparameterisusedonlyinwebmonitoring. # #Mandatory:no #Default: #SSLKeyLocation=${datadir}/zabbix/ssl/keys 51、web监测或SMTP身份认证 ###Option:SSLCALocation #Ifnotset,system-widedirectorywillbeused. #ThisparameterisusedonlyinwebmonitoringandSMTPauthentication. # #Mandatory:no #Default: #SSLCALocation= #######LOADABLEMODULES####### 52、模块路径 ###Option:LoadModulePath #Fullpathtolocationofservermodules. #Defaultdependsoncompilationoptions. # #Mandatory:no #Default: #LoadModulePath=${libdir}/modules 53、模块支持库的路径 ###Option:LoadModule #Format:LoadModule=<module.so> #ThemodulesmustbelocatedindirectoryspecifiedbyLoadModulePath. #ItisallowedtoincludemultipleLoadModuleparameters. # #Mandatory:no #Default: #LoadModule= 54、CA证书的路径 ###Option:TLSCAFile #Fullpathnameofafilecontainingthetop-levelCA(s)certificatesfor #peercertificateverification. # #Mandatory:no #Default: #TLSCAFile= 55、吊销证书的路径 ###Option:TLSCRLFile #Fullpathnameofafilecontainingrevokedcertificates. # #Mandatory:no #Default: #TLSCRLFile= 56、服务器证书文件 ###Option:TLSCertFile #Fullpathnameofafilecontainingtheservercertificateorcertificatechain. # #Mandatory:no #Default: #TLSCertFile= 57、服务器密钥文件 ###Option:TLSKeyFile #Fullpathnameofafilecontainingtheserverprivatekey. # #Mandatory:no #Default: #TLSKeyFile=
一般情况下，脚本路径可更改使用外，其余高级配置默认即可；如有需要，可自行更改配置。
3.7 启动zabbix-server
[root@node7~]#systemctlstartzabbix-server
4、配置PHP，并启动httpd服务
[root@node7~]#vim/etc/httpd/conf.d/zabbix.conf PHP_valuedate.timezoneAsia/Shanghai [root@node7~]#systemctlstarthttpd.service 此时确认iptanles规则放行或禁用，并关闭selinux
5、配置agent端，最少指出其server端地址，server端可配置多个
[root@node7~]#vim/etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.conf Server=127.0.0.1,192.168.1.20
6、登录web界面http://192.168.1.20/zabbix，初始用户名密码admin/zabbix，看到如下界面，即配置成功
6.1 配置zabbix-web连接数据库
6.2 成功登录
如有错误，敬请指正。
原文链接：https://www.f2er.com/centos/379597.html