Centos7+Haproxy实现Apache负载均衡
说到Linux下的负载均衡，其实有很多服务是可以实现的，比如：haproxy，lvs，Nginx，这些服务都可以做负载均衡，而我们今天主要介绍的是Haproxy实现Apache的负载均衡。一般做法是通过Haproxy+Keeplive实现高可用负载均衡的，我们将会在后面的文章介绍。
环境介绍：
Hostname：A-S
IP:192.168.5.21
Role：Apache
Hostname：B-S
IP:192.168.5.22
Role：Apache
Hostname：C-S
IP:192.168.5.23
Role：Haproxy
我们先看看安装完默认的Haproxy的配置介绍：
vim/etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg
#--------------------------------------------------------------------- #Exampleconfigurationforapossiblewebapplication.Seethe #fullconfigurationoptionsonline. # #http://haproxy.1wt.eu/download/1.4/doc/configuration.txt # #--------------------------------------------------------------------- #--------------------------------------------------------------------- #Globalsettings #--------------------------------------------------------------------- global #tohavethesemessagesendupin/var/log/haproxy.logyouwill #needto: # #1)configuresyslogtoacceptnetworklogevents.Thisisdone #byaddingthe'-r'optiontotheSYSLOGD_OPTIONSin #/etc/sysconfig/syslog # #2)configurelocal2eventstogotothe/var/log/haproxy.log #file.Alinelikethefollowingcanbeaddedto #/etc/sysconfig/syslog # #local2.*/var/log/haproxy.log # log127.0.0.1local2#日志输出配置，所有日志都记录在本机，通过local2输出 chroot/var/lib/haproxy#改变当前工作目录。 pidfile/var/run/haproxy.pid#所属运行的gid maxconn4000#最大连接数 userhaproxy grouphaproxy daemon#以后台形式运行haproxy #turnonstatsunixsocket statssocket/var/lib/haproxy/stats #--------------------------------------------------------------------- #commondefaultsthatallthe'listen'and'backend'sectionswill #useifnotdesignatedintheirblock #--------------------------------------------------------------------- defaults modehttp#默认的模式mode{tcp|http|health}，tcp是4层，http是7层，health只会返回OK logglobal optionhttplog optiondontlognull optionhttp-server-close optionforwardforexcept127.0.0.0/8 optionredispatch#当serverId对应的服务器挂掉后，强制定向到其他健康的服务器 retries3#两次连接失败就认为是服务器不可用 timeouthttp-request10s timeoutqueue1m timeoutconnect10s#连接超时 timeoutclient1m#客户端超时 timeoutserver1m#服务器超时 timeouthttp-keep-alive10s timeoutcheck10s#心跳检测超时 maxconn3000#默认的最大连接数 #--------------------------------------------------------------------- #mainfrontendwhichproxystothebackends #--------------------------------------------------------------------- frontendmain*:5000#haproxy服务器监听端口 aclurl_staticpath_beg-i/static/images/javascript/stylesheets aclurl_staticpath_end-i.jpg.gif.png.css.js use_backendstaticifurl_static default_backendapp #--------------------------------------------------------------------- #staticbackendforservingupimages,stylesheetsandsuch #--------------------------------------------------------------------- backendstatic balanceroundrobin #banlanceroundrobin轮询，balancesource保存session值，支持static-rr，leastconn，first，uri等参数 serverstatic127.0.0.1:4331check #--------------------------------------------------------------------- #roundrobinbalancingbetweenthevarIoUsbackends #--------------------------------------------------------------------- backendapp balanceroundrobin serverapp1127.0.0.1:5001check serverapp2127.0.0.1:5002check serverapp3127.0.0.1:5003check serverapp4127.0.0.1:5004check
接下来我们开始正式环境配置介绍：首先是安装Apache服务，然后配置显示页面：
Yuminstallhttpd
安装完成
查看httpd 版本
接下来我们首先要为apache定义一个 默认的页面，方便区分
Vim/var/www/httml/index.html
</html>
<!DOCTYPEhtml>
<html>
<head>
<title>WelcometoApache</title>
<style>
body{
35em;
margin:0auto;
font-family:Tahoma,Verdana,Arial,sans-serif;
}
</style>
<styletype="text/css">
h1{color:red}
h2{color:blue}
h3{color:green}
h4{color:yellow}
}
</style>
</head><bodybgcolor='#46A3FF'>
<h1>WelcometoA-SApache</h1>
<h2>HostName:A-S</h2>
<h3>IP:192.168.5.21</h3>
<h4>Service:Apache</h4>
<inputtype=buttonvalue="Refresh"onclick="window.location.href('http://192.168.5.21')">
</body>
</html>
启动服务
Systemctlstarthttpd
然后添加默认的防火墙端口8o
Firewall-cmd--zone=public--add-port='80/tcp'--permanent
或者vim /etc/firewalld/zone/public.xml
添加一下格式
<portportocal='tcp'port='80'>
接下来我们在本地访问测试一下
接下来我们也同样按照方法部署第二台apache服务，方法跟上面完全一样
</html>
<!DOCTYPEhtml>
<html>
<head>
<title>WelcometoApache</title>
<style>
body{
35em;
margin:0auto;
font-family:Tahoma,sans-serif;
}
</style>
<styletype="text/css">
h1{color:red}
h2{color:blue}
h3{color:green}
h4{color:yellow}
}
</style>
</head><bodybgcolor='#CA8EFF'>
<h1>WelcometoB-SApache</h1>
<h2>HostName:B-S</h2>
<h3>IP:192.168.5.22</h3>
<h4>Service:Apache</h4>
<inputtype=buttonvalue="Refresh"onclick="window.location.href('http://192.168.5.22')">
</body>
</html>
测试访问
最后我们开始部署haproxy了
我们使用192.168.5.33来部署haproxy了
yuminstall-yhaproxy
我们可以编辑haproxy的默认配置文件
vim/etc/haproxy/haproxy.nfg
#--------------------------------------------------------------------- #Exampleconfigurationforapossiblewebapplication.Seethe #fullconfigurationoptionsonline. # #http://haproxy.1wt.eu/download/1.4/doc/configuration.txt # #--------------------------------------------------------------------- #--------------------------------------------------------------------- #Globalsettings #--------------------------------------------------------------------- global #tohavethesemessagesendupin/var/log/haproxy.logyouwill #needto: # #1)configuresyslogtoacceptnetworklogevents.Thisisdone #byaddingthe'-r'optiontotheSYSLOGD_OPTIONSin #/etc/sysconfig/syslog # #2)configurelocal2eventstogotothe/var/log/haproxy.log #file.Alinelikethefollowingcanbeaddedto #/etc/sysconfig/syslog # #local2.*/var/log/haproxy.log # log127.0.0.1local2 chroot/var/lib/haproxy pidfile/var/run/haproxy.pid maxconn4000 userhaproxy grouphaproxy daemon #turnonstatsunixsocket statssocket/var/lib/haproxy/stats #--------------------------------------------------------------------- #commondefaultsthatallthe'listen'and'backend'sectionswill #useifnotdesignatedintheirblock #--------------------------------------------------------------------- defaults modehttp logglobal optionhttplog optiondontlognull optionhttp-server-close optionforwardforexcept127.0.0.0/8 optionredispatch retries3 timeouthttp-request10s timeoutqueue1m timeoutconnect10s timeoutclient1m timeoutserver1m timeouthttp-keep-alive10s timeoutcheck10s maxconn3000 #--------------------------------------------------------------------- #mainfrontendwhichproxystothebackends #--------------------------------------------------------------------- frontendmain*:5000 aclurl_staticpath_beg-i/static/images/javascript/stylesheets aclurl_staticpath_end-i.jpg.gif.png.css.js use_backendstaticifurl_static default_backendapp #--------------------------------------------------------------------- #staticbackendforservingupimages,stylesheetsandsuch #--------------------------------------------------------------------- backendstatic balanceroundrobin serverstatic127.0.0.1:4331check #--------------------------------------------------------------------- #roundrobinbalancingbetweenthevarIoUsbackends #--------------------------------------------------------------------- backendapp balanceroundrobin serverapp1127.0.0.1:5001check serverapp2127.0.0.1:5002check serverapp3127.0.0.1:5003check serverapp4127.0.0.1:5004check
然后添加服务器
更改前
更改后
#--------------------------------------------------------------------- #Exampleconfigurationforapossiblewebapplication.Seethe #fullconfigurationoptionsonline. # #http://haproxy.1wt.eu/download/1.4/doc/configuration.txt # #--------------------------------------------------------------------- #--------------------------------------------------------------------- #Globalsettings #--------------------------------------------------------------------- global #tohavethesemessagesendupin/var/log/haproxy.logyouwill #needto: # #1)configuresyslogtoacceptnetworklogevents.Thisisdone #byaddingthe'-r'optiontotheSYSLOGD_OPTIONSin #/etc/sysconfig/syslog # #2)configurelocal2eventstogotothe/var/log/haproxy.log #file.Alinelikethefollowingcanbeaddedto #/etc/sysconfig/syslog # #local2.*/var/log/haproxy.log # log127.0.0.1local2 chroot/var/lib/haproxy pidfile/var/run/haproxy.pid maxconn4000 userhaproxy grouphaproxy daemon #turnonstatsunixsocket statssocket/var/lib/haproxy/stats #--------------------------------------------------------------------- #commondefaultsthatallthe'listen'and'backend'sectionswill #useifnotdesignatedintheirblock #--------------------------------------------------------------------- defaults modehttp logglobal optionhttplog optiondontlognull optionhttp-server-close optionforwardforexcept127.0.0.0/8 optionredispatch retries3 timeouthttp-request10s timeoutqueue1m timeoutconnect10s timeoutclient1m timeoutserver1m timeouthttp-keep-alive10s timeoutcheck10s maxconn3000 #--------------------------------------------------------------------- #mainfrontendwhichproxystothebackends #--------------------------------------------------------------------- frontendmain*:80 aclurl_staticpath_beg-i/static/images/javascript/stylesheets aclurl_staticpath_end-i.jpg.gif.png.css.js use_backendstaticifurl_static default_backendapp #--------------------------------------------------------------------- #staticbackendforservingupimages,stylesheetsandsuch #--------------------------------------------------------------------- backendstatic balanceroundrobin serverstatic127.0.0.1:80check #--------------------------------------------------------------------- #roundrobinbalancingbetweenthevarIoUsbackends #--------------------------------------------------------------------- backendapp balanceroundrobin serverapp1127.0.0.1:5001check serverapp2127.0.0.1:5002check serverapp3127.0.0.1:5003check serverapp4127.0.0.1:5004check serverapp5192.168.5.21:80check serverapp6192.168.5.22:80check
然后启动haproxy服务
systemctlstarthaproxy
然后测试访问haproxy访问
我们通过本地查看端口监听状态
netstat-anlpt
我们发现默认的端口是5000
我们使用5000端口在访问一下
接下来我们更改默认端口
vim/etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg
修改为80
修改后我们重启
我们查看端口监听状态
测试访问
