此篇献给初学者
一、环境介绍：
1、操作系统：CentOS 7.0 IP：192.168.137.128
2、JDK版本：jdk1.8.0_101
3、Tomcat版本：tomcat-9.0.0.M21
4、jenkins版本:Jenkins ver. 2.46.3
5、git版本：git version 2.9.4
6、maven版本：3.5.0
7、ant版本：version 1.10.1
二、环境部署
1、下载所需软件包
# mkdir /tmp/soft ; cd /tmp/soft
##### tomcat
# wget http://apache.communilink.net/tomcat/tomcat-9/v9.0.0.M21/bin/apache-tomcat-9.0.0.M21.tar.gz
##### 下载git
# wget https://www.kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/git-2.9.4.tar.gz
##### 下载jdk
# 下载地址：http://download.oracle.com/otn-pub/java/jdk/8u131-b11/d54c1d3a095b4ff2b6607d096fa80163/jdk-8u131-linux-x64.tar.gz
##### 下载maven
# wget http://ftp.cuhk.edu.hk/pub/packages/apache.org/maven/maven-3/3.5.0/binaries/apache-maven-3.5.0-bin.tar.gz
##### 下载jenkins
# wgethttp://mirrors.jenkins.io/war/latest/jenkins.war
##### 下载ant
# wgethttp://apache.communilink.net//ant/binaries/apache-ant-1.10.1-bin.tar.gz
2、安装部署jdk
### 为了以后方便管理，将所有软件安装至/export/servers目录下
a、解压jdk
# tar -xf jdk-8u131-linux-x64.tar.gz -C /export/servers
b、配置环境变量
# vim /etc/profile
export JAVA_HOME=/export/servers/jdk1.8.0_131
export JAVA_BIN=$JAVA_HOME/bin
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH
export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar
export JAVA_OPTS="-Djava.library.path=/usr/local/lib -server -Xms1024m -Xmx2048m -XX:MaxPermSize=256m -Djava.awt.headless=true -Dsun.net.client.defaultReadTimeout=60000 -Djmagick.systemclassloader=no -Dnetworkaddress.cache.ttl=300 -Dsun.net.inetaddr.ttl=300"
export JAVA_HOME JAVA_BIN PATH CLASSPATH JAVA_OPTS
c、测试安装是否成功
# java -version
java version "1.8.0_131"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_131-b11)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.131-b11,mixed mode)
3、安装Tomcat
a、解压Tomcat
# tar xf apache-tomcat-9.0.0.M21.tar.gz -C /export/servers
# mv /export/servers/apache-tomcat-9.0.0.M21 /export/servers/tomcat-9.0.0.M21
b、配置tomcat
###修改Tomcat字符集为UTF-8
# vim /export/servers/apache-tomcat-9.0.0.M21/conf/server.xml
<Connector port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
connectionTimeout="20000"
redirectPort="8443" URIEncoding="UTF-8" />
4、安装jenkins
a、清理tomcat工作目录
# cd /export/servers/tomcat-9.0.0.M21/webapps/ROOT/
# rm -rf *
b、解压jenkins
# cp /tmp/soft/jenkins.war ./
# java -jar jenkins.war
5、安装git
a、安装依赖包
# cd /tmp/soft
# yum -y install curl-devel expat-devel gettext-devel openssl-devel zlib-devel gcc perl-ExtUtils-MakeMaker
b、安装git
# mkdir -p /export/servers/git-2.9.4
# tar -xf git-2.9.4.tar.gz
# make -j 20 prefix=/export/servers/git-2.9.4 all
# make prefix=/export/servers/git-2.9.4 install
c、配置git环境变量
### 在/etc/profile最后添加以下信息：
export GIT_HOME=/export/servers/git-2.9.4
export PATH=$GIT_HOME/bin:$PATH
6、安装Maven
a、解压及安装
# tar -xf apache-maven-3.5.0-bin.tar.gz
# mv apache-maven-3.5.0 maven-3.5.0
# mv maven-3.5.0 /export/servers/
### 在/etc/profile中添加以下信息
export MAVEN_HOME=/export/servers/maven-3.5.0
export PATH=$PATH:$MAVEN_HOME/bin
7、安装Ant
a、解压及安装
# tar xfapache-ant-1.10.1-bin.tar.gz
# mvapache-ant-1.10.1ant-1.10.1
# mvant-1.10.1 /export/servers/
b、配置环境变量
###在/etc/profile中添加以下信息
# vim /etc/profile
export ANT_HOME=/export/servers/ant-1.10.1
export PATH=$PATH:/export/servers/ant-1.10.1/bin
三、测试及启动服务
1、测试JDK
2、测试git
# git version
git version 2.9.4
3、测试maven
# mvn -v
Apache Maven 3.5.0 (ff8f5e7444045639af65f6095c62210b5713f426; 2017-04-04T03:39:06+08:00)
Maven home: /export/servers/maven-3.5.0
Java version: 1.8.0_101,vendor: Oracle Corporation
Java home: /export/servers/jdk1.8.0_131/jre
Default locale: en_US,platform encoding: UTF-8
OS name: "linux",version: "2.6.32-642.el6.x86_64",arch: "amd64",family: "unix"
4、测试Tomcat和Jenkins
# cd /export/servers/tomcat-9.0.0.M21/bin
# /bin/sh startup.sh
# tailf ../logs/catalina.out
### 可以查看下日志，看是否有Error的错误
5、添加开机自启Tomcat
# echo "/bin/sh /export/servers/tomcat-9.0.0.M21/bin/startup.sh" >> /etc/rc.d/rc.local
四、Web登录测试
1、先查看下Jenkins初始密码
# cat /root/.jenkins/secret.key
4417e1e77b13aa560cfc05aaeb474cbf70f89fd9bc558e4963110c80d0a34d97
##### 复制此密码，此密码会在第一次打开Web页面时使用，可能会遇到复制此密码打不开，下面有解决方法
2、登录Jenkins
打开浏览器----->在地址栏输入：http://192.168.137.128:8080
此时，客户端访问页面会提示404，看启动日志也是没问题的，重新启动Jenkins出现的问题如下：
Jun 21,2017 2:17:44 PM hudson.model.UpdateCenter$DownloadJob run
SEVERE: Failed to install GitHub plugin
hudson.util.IOException2: Failed to download from http://updates.jenkins-ci.org/download/plugins/github/1.27.0/github.hpi (redirected to: http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/jenkins/plugins/github/1.27.0/github.hpi)
at hudson.model.UpdateCenter$UpdateCenterConfiguration.download(UpdateCenter.java:1172)
at hudson.model.UpdateCenter$DownloadJob._run(UpdateCenter.java:1677)
at hudson.model.UpdateCenter$InstallationJob._run(UpdateCenter.java:1874)
at hudson.model.UpdateCenter$DownloadJob.run(UpdateCenter.java:1651)
at java.util.concurrent.Executors$RunnableAdapter.call(Executors.java:511)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:266)
at hudson.remoting.AtmostOneThreadExecutor$Worker.run(AtmostOneThreadExecutor.java:110)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)
Caused by: java.io.IOException: Failed to load http://updates.jenkins-ci.org/download/plugins/github/1.27.0/github.hpi to /root/.jenkins/plugins/github.jpi.tmp
at hudson.model.UpdateCenter$UpdateCenterConfiguration.download(UpdateCenter.java:1146)
... 7 more
Caused by: java.net.SocketTimeoutException: Read timed out
at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)
at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:422)
at sun.net.www.protocol.http.HttpURLConnection$10.run(HttpURLConnection.java:1890)
at sun.net.www.protocol.http.HttpURLConnection$10.run(HttpURLConnection.java:1885)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at sun.net.www.protocol.http.HttpURLConnection.getChainedException(HttpURLConnection.java:1884)
at sun.net.www.protocol.http.HttpURLConnection.getInputStream0(HttpURLConnection.java:1457)
at sun.net.www.protocol.http.HttpURLConnection.getInputStream(HttpURLConnection.java:1441)
at hudson.model.UpdateCenter$UpdateCenterConfiguration.download(UpdateCenter.java:1139)
... 7 more
###解决方法
此错误是由于8080端口被占用，
改变端口再次执行，
java -jar jenkins.war --httpPort=$HTTP_PORT， 例如java -jar jenkins.war --httpPort=1088
启动成功；
后打开浏览器，输入http://192.168.137.128:1088，即可看到jenkins的页面
###接下来还会出现Jenkins初始密码不能使用，修改初始密码为111111
[root@bogon ~]# cd /root/.jenkins/users/admin/
[root@bogon admin]# ls
config.xml config.xml.ori
<hudson.security.HudsonPrivateSecurityRealm_-Details> <passwordHash>#jbcrypt:$2a$10$IVgY3xyUJajuUKp5wHWOUeoXxmDHk52.wYKZ4wz9Mt44O3i.V81Ry</passwordHash>
把<passwordHash>节点的内容（图中红色的那一串）换成#jbcrypt:$2a$10$DdaWzN64JgUtLdvxWIflcuQu2fgrrMSAMabF5TSrGK5nXitqK9ZMS
（注意前后有木有空格）
保存，重启Jenkins程序。
然后输入用户名默认admin，密码111111
到这进入Jenkins部署界面
至此，Jenkins的部署就已经完成，如有任何问题可以发邮件至：xuqizhang_vip@163.com
