1. 解压到 /usr/local
# tar zxvf MysqL-5.7.17-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
2. 重命名
#cd /usr/local/
#mv MysqL-5.7.17-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64/ MysqL
3. 创建用户
建立用户MysqL，组MysqL。后面MysqL就使用这个用户来运行（注意这也是MysqL启动脚本中默认的用户，因此最好不要改名）。
#groupadd MysqL
#useradd -r -g MysqL MysqL
（使用-r参数表示MysqL用户是一个系统用户，不能登录）
建立目录/data/MysqL/data，后面MysqL就安装在这个目录下面。
#mkdir /data/MysqL/data
4.初始化操作(生成初始密码):
先要创建 /data/MysqL/data 目录
[root@localhost MysqL]# ./bin/MysqLd --initialize --user=MysqL --basedir=/usr/local/MysqL --datadir=/data/MysqL/data
2016-07-22T09:58:15.001776Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created,LSN=45790
2016-07-22T09:58:15.062066Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2016-07-22T09:58:15.073009Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found,so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: ebfb8a6-4ff2-11e6-8c8d-005056a01a07.
2016-07-22T09:58:15.074370Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'MysqL.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2016-07-22T09:58:15.075736Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: k_1ljzVh3<-,
[root@localhost MysqL]#
注意最后一行，这也是和之有版本不同的地方，它给了root一个初始密码，后面要登录的时候要用到这个密码。
PS: MysqL5.7新特性：由上面可以看出， MysqL_install_db 已经不再推荐使用了，建议改成 MysqLd --initialize 完成实例初始化。
注意：
1. data目录解压后没有，需要手动建立（见上文）；
2. MysqL5.7和之前版本不同，很多资料上都是这个命令
...../scripts/MysqL_install_db --user=MysqL
而5.7版本根本没有这个。
5.创建配置文件 my.cnf
1.将默认生成的my.cnf备份
# mv /etc/my.cnf /etc/my.cnf.bak
[root@localhost support-files]# cp my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf
2. 配置
将MysqL/support-files下的my-default.cnf改名为my.cnf，拷到/etc下（或者考到｛MysqL｝下，然后作一个软链接到/etc下）：
#cp /usr/local/MysqL/support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf
my.cnf中关键配置：
[MysqLd]
basedir = /usr/local/MysqL
datadir = /data/MysqL/data
port = 3306
socket = /data/MysqL/data/tmp/MysqL.sock
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
注意，tmp目录不存在，请创建之。
如果不把my.cnf拷到/etc下，运行时会出现：
MysqLd: Can't change dir to '/usr/local/MysqL/data/' (Errcode: 2 - No such file or directory)
这样的出错提示，说明它没找到my.cnf中的配置；而去找了程序编译时的默认安装位置：/usr/local/MysqL
6. 加入MysqL为系统服务:
[root@localhost MysqL]# cp support-files/MysqL.server /etc/init.d/MysqLd
[root@localhost MysqL]# chkconfig MysqLd on
[root@localhost MysqL]# chkconfig --list|grep MysqLd
MysqLd 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
[root@localhost MysqL]#chmod 755 /etc/init.d/MysqLd
7. MysqL服务启动、重启、停止
[root@localhost MysqL]# service MysqLd start
[root@localhost MysqL]# service MysqLd stop
[root@localhost MysqL]# service MysqLd restart
[root@localhost MysqL]#
8. 设置环境变量:
[root@localhost MysqL]# vim /etc/profile
export PATH=/usr/local/MysqL/bin:$PATH
[root@localhost MysqL]# source /etc/profile
9. 检查MysqL是否能开启
[root@localhost MysqL]# cd /usr/local/MysqL
[root@localhost MysqL]# cd support-files/
[root@localhost support-files]# ./MysqL.server start
Starting MysqL.. SUCCESS!
问题1： 若改用了， 则在启动服务时会出现如下错误：
# ./support-files/MysqL.server start
./support-files/MysqL.server: line 276: cd: /usr/local/MysqL: No such file or directory
Starting MysqL ERROR! Couldn't find MysqL server (/usr/local/MysqL/bin/MysqLd_safe)
这时候我们需要修改/support-files/MysqL.server文件的basedir和datadir目录路径为我们正确的MysqL的basedir和datadir路径， 如下：
# vim support-files/MysqL.server 注意：修改后，再复制到#cp support-files/MysqL.server /etc/init.d/MysqLd
--------------------------
...
basedir=/usr/local/MysqL
datadir=/data/MysqL/data
...
--------------------------
# ./support-files/MysqL.server start
Starting MysqL.. SUCCESS!
问题2：[root@imango MysqL]# service MysqLd start
Starting MysqL...The server quit without updating PID file (/data/MysqL/data/imango.localdomain.pid).[Failed]
如果出现上面的错误，表示data目录没有权限:
[root@imango MysqL]# chown -R MysqL:MysqL /data
[root@imango MysqL]# chown -R MysqL:MysqL /data/MysqL/
[root@imango MysqL]# chown -R MysqL:MysqL /data/MysqL/data/
[root@imango MysqL]# chown -R MysqL:MysqL /data/MysqL/data/tmp/
[root@imango MysqL]# service MysqLd start
Starting MysqL.[ OK ]
10. 设置MysqL以服务运行并且开机启动
将{MysqL}/ support-files/MysqL.server 拷贝为/etc/init.d/MysqLd并设置运行权限
#cp MysqL.server /etc/init.d/MysqLd
#chmod +x /etc/init.d/MysqLd
把MysqL注册为开机启动的服务
#chkconfig --add MysqLd
当然也可以手动进行服务的开启和关闭：
#/etc/init.d/MysqLd start
#/etc/init.d/MysqLd stop
11. 客户端连接测试
#{MysqL}/bin/MysqL -uroot -p
此时要求输入密码，就是前面初始化时生成的密码。
这时如果连接服务的时候出现错误：
ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MysqL server through socket '/tmp/MysqL.sock' (2)
则需要在在my.cnf中填加：(与[MysqLd]节点中的socket一样就可以)
[client]
socket=/data/MysqL/data/tmp/MysqL.sock
连上后，在做任何操作前，MysqL要求要改掉root的密码后才能进行操作。
ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.
MysqL> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'xxxxxxx';
或
MysqL>SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD('xxxxxx');
另外打开一个终端(p.s. 如果是ssh连接登录的,另外创建一个ssh连接即可）， 执行操作如下：
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Welcome to the MysqL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MysqL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.13 MysqL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000,2015,Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
Database changed
MysqL> UPDATE user SET password=PASSWORD('123456') WHERE user='root';
ERROR 1054 (42S22): Unknown column 'password' in 'field list'
MysqL> update user set authentication_string = PASSWORD('123456') where user = 'root';
Query OK,1 row affected,1 warning (0.02 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 1
MysqL> flush privileges;
Query OK,0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
MysqL> \s
MysqL Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.7.13,for linux-glibc2.5 (x86_64) using EditLine wrapper
Connection id: 62
Current database:
Current user: root@localhost
SSL: Not in use
Current pager: stdout
Using outfile: ''
Using delimiter: ;
Server version: 5.7.13-log MysqL Community Server (GPL)
Protocol version: 10
Connection: Localhost via UNIX socket
Server characterset: utf8
Db characterset: utf8
Client characterset: utf8
Conn. characterset: utf8
UNIX socket: /data/AEData/MysqL/data/MysqL.sock
Uptime: 46 min 54 sec
Threads: 6 Questions: 6846 Slow queries: 0 Opens: 257 Flush tables: 1 Open tables: 201 Queries per second avg: 2.432
--------------
到此， 设置完MysqL用户root的密码且确保MysqL编码集是utf8,注意上面， 新版本的MysqL.user表里的密码字段是authentication_string
MysqL远程授权
格式如下：
MysqL> grant all [privileges] on db_name.table_name to 'username'@'host' identified by 'password';
示例如下：
MysqL> grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by '123456';
Query OK,0 rows affected,1 warning (0.04 sec)
MysqL> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
Query OK,0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
或用
MysqL> grant all on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by '123456';
到此， 完成了MysqL的安装 及配置！！！
12、TIPS
【查看MysqL是否运行】
ps -ef|grep MysqLd
netstat -lnp | grep -i MysqL
【MysqL启动时读取配置文件my.cnf的顺序】
可以运行如下命令查看：
./bin/MysqLd --verbose --help |more
Default options are read from the following files in the given order:
/etc/my.cnf /etc/MysqL/my.cnf /usr/local/MysqL/etc/my.cnf ~/.my.cnf
可以看到，启动时可以从上述目录下读取配置文件my.cnf。如果当前my.cnf文件不位于上述位置，则必须考过去或做链接。
MysqL 5.7新特性之Generated Column（函数索引）http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2016-02/128066.htm
升级到MysqL 5.7 解决分区问题http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2016-02/128060.htm
MysqL 5.7 完美的分布式事务支持http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2016-02/128053.htm
MysqL 5.7 新特性详解http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2016-01/127636.htm
MysqL 5.7.11 发布下载http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2016-02/128268.htm
在 CentOS 7 中以命令行方式安装 MysqL 5.7.11 for Linux Generic 二进制版本http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2016-03/129187.htm
更多CentOS相关信息见CentOS专题页面http://www.linuxidc.com/topicnews.aspx?tid=14
附上配置文件:
[client]
loose_default-character-set = utf8
[MysqLd]
basedir = /usr/local/MysqL
datadir = /data/MysqL/data
port = 3306
server_id = 1
socket = /data/MysqL/data/MysqL.sock
expire_logs_days = 7
innodb_file_per_table
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 2G
innodb_thread_concurrency = 24
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1
innodb_log_buffer_size = 32M
innodb_log_file_size = 256M
innodb_log_files_in_group = 3
innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 90
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120
wait_timeout = 60
interactive_timeout = 7200
skip-name-resolve
character-set-server = utf8
back_log = 50
max_connections = 3000
max_connect_errors = 32
max_allowed_packet = 32M
binlog_cache_size = 8M
max_heap_table_size = 512M
tmp_table_size = 64M
key_buffer_size = 16M
read_buffer_size = 2M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 8M
bulk_insert_buffer_size = 64M
sort_buffer_size = 4M
join_buffer_size = 2M
thread_cache_size = 64
thread_stack = 192K
query_cache_type = 1
query_cache_size = 256M
query_cache_limit = 2M
ft_min_word_len = 2
default_storage_engine = INNODB
#default_table_type = INNODB
transaction_isolation = REPEATABLE-READ
lower_case_table_names = 1
#log_slow_queries
slow_query_log
long_query_time = 2
log-short-format
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 128M
myisam_max_sort_file_size = 10G
myisam_repair_threads = 1
[MysqLdump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 32M
routines
single-transaction
hex-blob
skip-comments
complete-insert
skip-disable-keys
skip-add-locks
skip-lock-tables
[isamchk]
key_buffer = 512M
sort_buffer_size = 512M
read_buffer = 8M
write_buffer = 8M
[myisamchk]
[MysqLhotcopy]
interactive-timeout
# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
# Adjust sizes as needed,experiment to find the optimal values.
# join_buffer_size = 128M
# sort_buffer_size = 2M
# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
