安装基本环境(可忽略)
yumgroupinstall"Compatibilitylibraries""Base""Developmenttools""debuggingTools""Dial-upNetworkingSupport" yuminstalltreenmapsysstatlrzszdos2unix-y
建议使用清华源
[root@localhost~]#yuminstallepel-release#安装epel源
安装cobbler程序包
[root@localhost~]#yuminstallcobblerdhcptftp-serverpykickstarthttpd
启动Cobbler等程序
[root@localhost~]#setenforce0 [root@localhost~]#serviceiptablesstop;chkconfigiptablesoff [root@localhost~]#chkconfigcobblerdon [root@localhost~]#chkconfighttpdon;servicehttpdrestart
配置Cobbler程序
[root@localhostyum.repos.d]#cobblercheck
解决报错
第一步+第二步 [root@localhost~]#cat-n/etc/cobbler/settings 272next_server:192.168.1.1 384server:192.168.1.1 242manage_dhcp:1 第三步: [root@localhost~]#cat-n/etc/selinux/config 7SELINUX=disabled 第四步: [root@localhost~]#vim/etc/xinetd.d/tftp 14disable=no 第五步: [root@localhost~]#cobblerget-loaders 第六步: [root@localhost~]#cat-n/etc/xinetd.d/rsync 6disable=no [root@localhost~]#servicexinetdrestart [root@localhost~]#chkconfigxinetdon 第七步:这是个BUG [root@localhost~]#yuminstalldebmirror-y [root@localhost~]#vim/etc/debmirror.conf 28#@dists="sid"; 29@sections="main,main/debian-installer,contrib,non-free"; 30#@arches="i386"; 第九步: [root@localhost~]#opensslpasswd-1-salt'suijishuru''Cobb_01!' $1$suijishu$J0AUTQIBV0QGeZvVkIT0G. [root@localhost~]#cat/etc/cobbler/setting 101default_password_crypted:"$1$suijishu$J0AUTQIBV0QGeZvVkIT0G." 第十步: [root@localhost~]#yuminstallfence-agents-y##这个工具会安装一些硬件管理工具,ipmitools等
配置DHCP
这里在之前已经开启了manage_dhcp,所以需要修改cobbler下的dhcp模板,不能修改dhcp的默认配置文件,因为修改cobbler的模板后,cobbler sync后会将cobbler-dhcp模板里的信息写入到dhcp默认配置文件
[root@localhost~]#vim/etc/cobbler/dhcp.template 21subnet192.168.1.0netmask255.255.255.0{ 22optionrouters192.168.1.1; 23optiondomain-name-servers8.8.8.8; 24optionsubnet-mask255.255.255.0; 25rangedynamic-bootp192.168.1.100192.168.1.220;
同步cobbler,并再次检查
[root@localhost~]#cobblersync [root@localhost~]#servicecobblerdrestart [root@localhost~]#cobblercheck
测试Cobbler是否可进行引导
测试新建虚拟机,网卡模式与Cobbler一个通道,设置网络启动
Cobbler命令获取帮助
导入放置ISO镜像
[root@localhost~]#mount/dev/cdrom/mnt [root@localhost~]#cobblerimport--path=/mnt/--name=CentOS-7.2-x86_64--arch=x86_64 [root@localhost~]#cobblerimport--path=/mnt/--name=CentOS-6.5-x86_64--arch=x86_64##需要再次挂载
查看当前cobbler发行镜像列表
[root@localhost~]#cobblerdistrolist##这里的列表应该和cobbler显示界面的是一致的 CentOS-6.5-x86_64 CentOS-7.2-x86_64 images-x86_64
查看cobbler列表里的镜像的cobbler参数配置
[root@localhostkickstarts]#cobblerprofilereport Name:CentOS-7.2-x86_64 TFTPBootFiles:{} Comment: DHCPTag:default Distribution:CentOS-7.2-x86_64 EnablegPXE?:0 EnablePXEMenu?:1 FetchableFiles:{} KernelOptions:{} KernelOptions(PostInstall):{} Kickstart:/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/sample_end.ks##无人值守文件 KickstartMetadata:{} ManagementClasses:[] ManagementParameters:<<inherit>> NameServers:[] NameServeRSSearchPath:[] Owners:['admin'] ParentProfile: Internalproxy: RedHatManagementKey:<<inherit>> RedHatManagementServer:<<inherit>> Repos:[] ServerOverride:<<inherit>> TemplateFiles:{} VirtAutoBoot:1 VirtBridge:xenbr0 Virtcpus:1 VirtDiskDriverType:raw VirtFileSize(GB):5 VirtPath: VirtRAM(MB):512 VirtType:kvm Distribution:CentOS-6.5-x86_64 EnablegPXE?:0 EnablePXEMenu?:1 FetchableFiles:{} KernelOptions:{} KernelOptions(PostInstall):{} Kickstart:/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/sample_end.ks KickstartMetadata:{} ManagementClasses:[] ManagementParameters:<<inherit>> NameServers:[] NameServeRSSearchPath:[] Owners:['admin'] ParentProfile: Internalproxy: RedHatManagementKey:<<inherit>> RedHatManagementServer:<<inherit>> Repos:[] ServerOverride:<<inherit>> TemplateFiles:{} VirtAutoBoot:1 VirtBridge:xenbr0 Virtcpus:1 VirtDiskDriverType:raw VirtFileSize(GB):5 VirtPath: VirtRAM(MB):512 VirtType:kvm
无人值守文件存放目录 /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/
cobblerprofileedit--name=CentOS-6.5-x86_64--kickstart=/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/Centos6.5.cfg
Centos7指定无人值守文件,并修改内核使网卡接口更改为eth0
cobblerprofileedit--name=CentOS-7.2-x86_64--kickstart=/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/CentOS7.2.cfg--kopts='net.ifnames=0biosdevname=0'
指定完kickstart文件后,即可实现无人值守安装,如果不指定自定义的kickstart文件默认使用/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/下的sample_end.ks来无人值守安装
关于kickstart文件小技巧
[root@localhostkickstarts]#vimCentos6.5.cfg ... url--url=$tree #url--url="http://192.168.1.1/CentOS-6.5-X86_64" ... 可以不再使用网络路径,不再手动指定路径 ... rootpw--iscrypted$default_password_crypted #rootpw--iscrypted$1$Wpkdx1Ru$Uw8R9RAJV6fbt/Gm1trwj0 ... 调用/etc/cobbler/settings里的default_password_crypted密码 ... unsupported_hardware该参数可以忽略对硬件的检查 ...
补充一下吧,关于自动化部署,其实还可以依赖pxe的方式,但是相对pxe的方式操作太过复杂,并且功能不如cobbler强大,cobbler可以部署多种版本linux,但是无人值守是需要kickstart作支持的