1、将之前实验环境还原：
a、利用umount先卸载之前挂载的文件系统；
b、修改/etc/fstab里面的数据，让开机不会自动挂载；
c、利用fdisk将该分区删除；
整合raid5和lvm实验
实验环境：
一块6G的盘，分成5个分区，每个分区1G。
其中4个作为active态，一个为spare态。
fdisk -l
开始磁盘分区：
Disk /dev/sdd: 6442 MB,6442450944 bytes 255 heads,63 sectors/track,783 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000
[root@srcxtts ~]# fdisk /dev/sdd Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table,nor Sun,SGI or OSF disklabel Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x95cc4770. Changes will remain in memory only,until you decide to write them. After that,of course,the prevIoUs content won't be recoverable. Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite) WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to sectors (command 'u'). Command (m for help): p Disk /dev/sdd: 6442 MB,783 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x95cc4770 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System Command (m for help): n Command action e extended p primary partition (1-4) p Partition number (1-4): 1 First cylinder (1-783,default 1): Using default value 1 Last cylinder,+cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-783,default 783): +1G Command (m for help): p Disk /dev/sdd: 6442 MB,783 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x95cc4770 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdd1 1 132 1060258+ 83 Linux Command (m for help): n Command action e extended p primary partition (1-4) p Partition number (1-4): 2 First cylinder (133-783,default 133): Using default value 133 Last cylinder,G} (133-783,783 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x95cc4770 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdd1 1 132 1060258+ 83 Linux /dev/sdd2 133 264 1060290 83 Linux Command (m for help): n Command action e extended p primary partition (1-4) p Partition number (1-4): 3 First cylinder (265-783,default 265): Using default value 265 Last cylinder,G} (265-783,783 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x95cc4770 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdd1 1 132 1060258+ 83 Linux /dev/sdd2 133 264 1060290 83 Linux /dev/sdd3 265 396 1060290 83 Linux Command (m for help): n Command action e extended p primary partition (1-4) e Selected partition 4 First cylinder (397-783,default 397): Using default value 397 Last cylinder,G} (397-783,default 783): Using default value 783 Command (m for help): p Disk /dev/sdd: 6442 MB,783 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x95cc4770 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdd1 1 132 1060258+ 83 Linux /dev/sdd2 133 264 1060290 83 Linux /dev/sdd3 265 396 1060290 83 Linux /dev/sdd4 397 783 3108577+ 5 Extended Command (m for help): n First cylinder (397-783,783 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x95cc4770 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdd1 1 132 1060258+ 83 Linux /dev/sdd2 133 264 1060290 83 Linux /dev/sdd3 265 396 1060290 83 Linux /dev/sdd4 397 783 3108577+ 5 Extended /dev/sdd5 397 528 1060258+ 83 Linux Command (m for help): n First cylinder (529-783,default 529): Using default value 529 Last cylinder,G} (529-783,783 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x95cc4770 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdd1 1 132 1060258+ 83 Linux /dev/sdd2 133 264 1060290 83 Linux /dev/sdd3 265 396 1060290 83 Linux /dev/sdd4 397 783 3108577+ 5 Extended /dev/sdd5 397 528 1060258+ 83 Linux /dev/sdd6 529 660 1060258+ 83 Linux Command (m for help): w The partition table has been altered! Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table. Syncing disks.
2、创建raid5磁盘
[root@srcxtts ~]# mdadm --create --auto=yes /dev/md0 --level=5 \
> --raid-devices=4 --spare-devices=1 /dev/sdd{1,2,3,5,6}
mdadm: Defaulting to version 1.2 Metadata
mdadm: array /dev/md0 started.
[root@srcxtts ~]# ll /dev/md0
brw-rw----. 1 root disk 9,0 5月 10 09:26 /dev/md0
[root@srcxtts ~]# cat /proc/mdstat
Personalities : [raid6] [raid5] [raid4]
md0 : active raid5 sdd5[5] sdd6[4](S) sdd3[2] sdd2[1] sdd1[0]
3176448 blocks super 1.2 level 5,512k chunk,algorithm 2 [4/4] [UUUU]
unused devices: <none>
3、对raid5磁盘/dev/md0创建pv
[root@srcxtts ~]# pvcreate /dev/md0 Physical volume "/dev/md0" successfully created [root@srcxtts ~]# pvdisplay /dev/md0 "/dev/md0" is a new physical volume of "3.03 GiB" --- NEW Physical volume --- PV Name /dev/md0 VG Name PV Size 3.03 GiB Allocatable NO PE Size 0 Total PE 0 Free PE 0 Allocated PE 0 PV UUID GjGVBh-z3h6-uyD0-xNjQ-LflN-j1gb-XvR4I7
4、根据生成的pv创建vg，参数默认，pe大小默认4M
[root@srcxtts ~]# vgcreate raidvg /dev/md0 Volume group "raidvg" successfully created
[root@srcxtts ~]# vgdisplay raidvg --- Volume group --- VG Name raidvg System ID Format lvm2 Metadata Areas 1 Metadata Sequence No 1 VG Access read/write VG Status resizable MAX LV 0 Cur LV 0 Open LV 0 Max PV 0 Cur PV 1 Act PV 1 VG Size 3.03 GiB PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 775 Alloc PE / Size 0 / 0 Free PE / Size 775 / 3.03 GiB VG UUID Jx2ZNz-juP4-g8fx-oPJ5-F3Mg-QYn4-WoZ5HO
5、把vg中全部的pe都分配给lv，创建lv
[root@srcxtts ~]# lvcreate -l 775 -n raidlv raidvg Logical volume "raidlv" created [root@srcxtts ~]# lvscan ACTIVE '/dev/vg_srcxtts/lv_root' [21.58 GiB] inherit ACTIVE '/dev/vg_srcxtts/lv_swap' [3.94 GiB] inherit ACTIVE '/dev/raidvg/raidlv' [3.03 GiB] inherit [root@srcxtts ~]# lvdisplay /dev/raidvg/raidlv --- Logical volume --- LV Path /dev/raidvg/raidlv LV Name raidlv VG Name raidvg LV UUID rOaylO-3Br7-sUo3-3IRZ-Rf4D-O5V8-A98KGh LV Write Access read/write LV Creation host,time srcxtts,2018-05-10 09:29:36 +0800 LV Status available # open 0 LV Size 3.03 GiB Current LE 775 Segments 1 Allocation inherit Read ahead sectors auto - currently set to 6144 Block device 253:2
6、将lv格式化为ext3文件系统
[root@srcxtts ~]# mkfs.ext3 /dev/raidvg/raidlv mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010) 文件系统标签= 操作系统:Linux 块大小=4096 (log=2) 分块大小=4096 (log=2) Stride=128 blocks,Stripe width=384 blocks 198400 inodes,793600 blocks 39680 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user 第一个数据块=0 Maximum filesystem blocks=813694976 25 block groups 32768 blocks per group,32768 fragments per group 7936 inodes per group Superblock backups stored on blocks: 32768,98304,163840,229376,294912 正在写入inode表: 完成 Creating journal (16384 blocks): 完成 Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: 完成 This filesystem will be automatically checked every 33 mounts or 180 days,whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
7、创建挂载点并挂载lv
[root@srcxtts ~]# mkdir /mnt/raidlvm [root@srcxtts ~]# mount /dev/raidvg/raidlv /mnt/raidlvm
[root@srcxtts ~]# df -h 文件系统 容量 已用 可用 已用%% 挂载点 /dev/mapper/vg_srcxtts-lv_root 22G 11G 9.4G 54% / tmpfs 2.0G 84K 2.0G 1% /dev/shm /dev/sda1 477M 60M 392M 14% /boot /dev/mapper/raidvg-raidlv 3.0G 69M 2.8G 3% /mnt/raidlvm [root@srcxtts ~]#
到此整合就完成了。
实验还原：
1、卸载lv文件系统
[root@srcxtts ~]# umount /mnt/raidlvm [root@srcxtts ~]# df -h 文件系统 容量 已用 可用 已用%% 挂载点 /dev/mapper/vg_srcxtts-lv_root 22G 11G 9.4G 54% / tmpfs 2.0G 84K 2.0G 1% /dev/shm /dev/sda1 477M 60M 392M 14% /boot
2、移除lv
[root@srcxtts ~]# lvremove /dev/raidvg/raidlv Do you really want to remove active logical volume raidlv? [y/n]: y Logical volume "raidlv" successfully removed
3、改变vg的状态为非active
[root@srcxtts ~]# vgchange -an raidvg 0 logical volume(s) in volume group "raidvg" now active
4、移除vg
[root@srcxtts ~]# vgremove raidvg Volume group "raidvg" successfully removed
5、移除pv
[root@srcxtts ~]# pvremove /dev/md0 Labels on physical volume "/dev/md0" successfully wiped
6、停md0 raid磁盘
[root@srcxtts ~]# mdadm --stop /dev/md0 mdadm: stopped /dev/md0
7、使用fdisk将磁盘还原
[root@srcxtts ~]# fdisk /dev/sdd
WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to
switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to
sectors (command 'u').
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdd: 6442 MB,783 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x95cc4770
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdd1 1 132 1060258+ 83 Linux
/dev/sdd2 133 264 1060290 83 Linux
/dev/sdd3 265 396 1060290 83 Linux
/dev/sdd4 397 783 3108577+ 5 Extended
/dev/sdd5 397 528 1060258+ 83 Linux
/dev/sdd6 529 660 1060258+ 83 Linux
Command (m for help): d
Partition number (1-6): 1
Command (m for help): d
Partition number (1-6): 2
Command (m for help): d
Partition number (1-6): 3
Command (m for help): d
Partition number (1-6): 4
Command (m for help): d
No partition is defined yet!
Command (m for help): 5
5: unknown command
Command action
a toggle a bootable flag
b edit bsd disklabel
c toggle the dos compatibility flag
d delete a partition
l list known partition types
m print this menu
n add a new partition
o create a new empty DOS partition table
p print the partition table
q quit without saving changes
s create a new empty Sun disklabel
t change a partition's system id
u change display/entry units
v verify the partition table
w write table to disk and exit
x extra functionality (experts only)
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
[root@srcxtts ~]# fdisk /dev/sdd
WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to
switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to
sectors (command 'u').
Command (m for help): q
[root@srcxtts ~]# fdisk /dev/sdd -l
Disk /dev/sdd: 6442 MB,783 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x95cc4770
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
[root@srcxtts ~]#
