template<int I> struct rank : rank<I-1> { static_assert(I > 0,""); }; template<> struct rank<0> {}; template<typename VectorType> struct VectorWrapper { auto get(int i) const { return get(v,i,rank<5>()); } template<typename V,typename = std::enable_if_t<has_bracket_operator<const V>::value> > auto get(V const& v,int i,rank<2>) const { return v[i]; } template<typename V,typename = std::enable_if_t<has_parenthesis_operator<const V>::value> > auto get(V const& v,rank<1>) const { return v(i); } VectorType v; };
根据this thread中的建议设置has_bracket_operator和has_parenthesis_operator特征,整个编译和seems to work.
但是,从第一个开始,将成员向量传递给重载的类模板似乎是不必要的,所以我尝试设置相同而不传递它.为此,我将模板参数V替换为用于设置类模板的VectorType参数:
template<typename = std::enable_if_t<has_bracket_operator<VectorType>::value> > auto get(int i,rank<2>) const { return v[i]; } template<typename = std::enable_if_t<has_parenthesis_operator<VectorType>::value> > auto get(int i,rank<1>) const { return v(i); }
但是,现在,编译失败(在gcc 5.1.0中),并显示以下错误消息:
/usr/local/include/c++/5.1.0/type_traits: In substitution of 'template<bool _Cond,class _Tp> using enable_if_t = typename std::enable_if::type [with bool _Cond = has_parenthesis_operator<std::vector<int> >::value; _Tp = void]': main.cpp:46:10: required from 'struct VectorWrapper<std::vector<int> >' main.cpp:59:38: required from here /usr/local/include/c++/5.1.0/type_traits:2388:61: error: no type named 'type' in 'struct std::enable_if<false,void>' using enable_if_t = typename enable_if<_Cond,_Tp>::type;
问题:
>这个编译错误的原因是什么?
>除了我的第一个代码块之外,是否有适当的解决方法? (也就是说,保留了通常的编码风格 – 一个人不必通过成员).
解决方法
If a substitution results in an invalid type or expression,type deduction fails. An invalid type or expression is
one that would be ill-formed,with a diagnostic required,if written using the substituted arguments. [ Note:
If no diagnostic is required,the program is still ill-formed. Access checking is done as part of the substitution
process. —end note ] Only invalid types and expressions in the immediate context of the function type and
its template parameter types can result in a deduction failure.
直接上下文是模板声明中的内容.在您的初始示例中:
template<typename V,typename = std::enable_if_t<has_bracket_operator<const V>::value> > auto get(V const& v,rank<2>) const
V在紧邻的上下文中,因此enable_if上的替换失败只是一个演绎失败.
但是,在你的第二个例子中:
template<typename = std::enable_if_t<has_bracket_operator<VectorType>::value> > auto get(int i,rank<2>) const
VectorType不在get的直接上下文中,因此这里的失败不会是演绎失败,这将是一个很难的错误.
除非VectorType碰巧拥有所有这些运算符.
任何模板问题的解决方案是只添加更多模板.在这种情况下,通过引入另一种类型强制VectorType在直接上下文中:
template<typename T=VectorType,typename = std::enable_if_t<has_bracket_operator<T>::value> > auto get(int i,rank<2>) const
并调用get<>().