编辑：
好的,所以看起来我的问题是当我将加密的字节转换为字符串,然后将该字符串转换回要解密的字节.我怎么能这样做,因为我想实际存储加密的字符串,并能够解密该字符串.

我正在尝试将公钥(和私有用于测试)保存到xml文件中,以便稍后可以读取相同的文件,但在尝试解密时会出现“错误数据”错误.谁能看到我做错了什么？

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Security.Cryptography;
using System.IO;

namespace EncryptionTest
{
class Program
{
    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        UnicodeEncoding ByteConverter = new UnicodeEncoding();

        byte[] dataToEncrypt = ByteConverter.GetBytes("Test data");

        WriteRSAInfoToFile();

        string enc = Encrypt(dataToEncrypt);

        enc = Decrypt(enc);
    }

    static void WriteRSAInfoToFile()
    {
        RSACryptoServiceProvider RSA = new RSACryptoServiceProvider();
        TextWriter writer = new StreamWriter("C:\\publicKey.xml");
        string publicKey = RSA.ToXmlString(false);
        writer.Write(publicKey);
        writer.Close();

        writer = new StreamWriter("C:\\privateKey.xml");
        string privateKey = RSA.ToXmlString(true);
        writer.Write(privateKey);
        writer.Close();
    }

    static string Encrypt(byte[] data)
    {
        UnicodeEncoding ByteConverter = new UnicodeEncoding();
        RSACryptoServiceProvider encrypt = new RSACryptoServiceProvider();
        TextReader reader = new StreamReader("C:\\publicKey.xml");
        string publicKey = reader.ReadToEnd();
        reader.Close();

        encrypt.FromXmlString(publicKey);

        byte[] encryptedData = encrypt.Encrypt(data,false);

        return ByteConverter.GetString(encryptedData);
    }

    static string Decrypt(string data)
    {
        UnicodeEncoding ByteConverter = new UnicodeEncoding();
        RSACryptoServiceProvider decrypt = new RSACryptoServiceProvider();
        TextReader reader = new StreamReader("C:\\privateKey.xml");
        string privateKey = reader.ReadToEnd();
        reader.Close();

        decrypt.FromXmlString(privateKey);

        byte[] d = ByteConverter.GetBytes(data);
        byte[] decryptedData = decrypt.Decrypt(d,false);       // ERROR: bad data

        return ByteConverter.GetString(decryptedData);
    }
}

}