假设我有以下两个类:
template<typename T> struct Base { void foo(); }; struct Derived : Base<Derived> {};
我可以做这个:
void (Derived::*thing)() = &Derived::foo;
编译器很高兴(正如我所料).
当我把它放在两个级别的模板中时突然爆炸:
template<typename T,T thing> struct bar {}; template<typename T> void foo() { bar<void (T::*)(),&T::foo>{}; } int main() { foo<Derived>(); // ERROR foo<Base<Derived>>(); // Works fine }
这失败了:
non-type template argument of type 'void (Base<Derived>::*)()' cannot be converted to a value of type 'void (Derived::*)()'
为什么简单的案例工作而更复杂的案例失败了?我相信这与this问题有关,但我并不完全确定….
解决方法
@YSC钉出了& Derived :: foo;的类型.既然你想知道为什么这个隐式转换……
void (Derived::*thing)() = &Derived::foo;
…飞行正常但不在模板中,原因如下:
[temp.arg.nontype]
07001 A template-argument for a non-type template-parameter shall be a
converted constant expression of the type of the template-parameter.[expr.const]
07002 A converted constant expression of type T is an expression,
implicitly converted to type T,where the converted expression is a
constant expression and the implicit conversion sequence contains only
- […]
我省略的列表不包含pointer to member conversions.因此,使该模板参数对您指定的参数无效.
一个简单的解决方法是使用decltype(& T :: foo)而不是void(T :: *)()作为类型参数.这是一个结构良好的替代品:
bar<decltype(&T::foo),&T::foo>{};
无论是否可接受,当然取决于您的用例,超出了MCVE的范围.