本文永久地址：https://my.oschina.net/bysu/blog/1547768

1.下载：

ftp://ftp.vim.org/pub/vim/pc/vim80-586rt.zip

ftp://ftp.vim.org/pub/vim/pc/gvim80-586.zip

2.把两个压缩文件里面的内容都解压，放到一起(vim),目录结构如下图

3.把目录中的vimrc_example.vim文件重命名为_vimrc，并把下面的配置覆盖进去即可

" An example for a vimrc file.
"
" Maintainer:	Bram Moolenaar <Bram@vim.org>
" Last change:	2016 Jul 28
"
" To use it,copy it to
"     for Unix and OS/2:  ~/.vimrc
"	      for Amiga:  s:.vimrc
"  for MS-DOS and Win32:  $VIM\_vimrc
"	    for OpenVMS:  sys$login:.vimrc

" When started as "evim",evim.vim will already have done these settings.
if v:progname =~? "evim"
  finish
endif

" Get the defaults that most users want.
source $VIMRUNTIME/defaults.vim

if has("vms")
  set nobackup		" do not keep a backup file,use versions instead
else
  set backup		" keep a backup file (restore to prevIoUs version)
  if has('persistent_undo')
    set undofile	" keep an undo file (undo changes after closing)
  endif
endif

if &t_Co > 2 || has("gui_running")
  " Switch on highlighting the last used search pattern.
  set hlsearch
endif

" Only do this part when compiled with support for autocommands.
if has("autocmd")

  " Put these in an autocmd group,so that we can delete them easily.
  augroup vimrcEx
  au!

  " For all text files set 'textwidth' to 78 characters.
  autocmd FileType text setlocal textwidth=78

  augroup END

else

  set autoindent		" always set autoindenting on

endif " has("autocmd")

" Add optional packages.
"
" The matchit plugin makes the % command work better,but it is not backwards
" compatible.
if has('Syntax') && has('eval')
  packadd matchit
endif

"==============================去掉启动提示文案：帮助乌干达儿童之类的提示
set shortmess=atI 

"===============================设置主题
colorscheme darkblue

"===============================设置字体大小
set guifont=Consolas:h12  "h12字体大小，bh12中的b表示黑体
"set guifontwide=Microsoft/ YaHei:h12

"=================开启语法高亮提示
Syntax on

"==============缩进
set cin nu ts=4 sw=4 sts=4 et acd noswapfile nobackup
set bs=eol,start,indent

"==================隐藏菜单、工具、滚动条============================
":set guioptions-=m  "remove menu bar
":set guioptions-=T  "remove toolbar
":set guioptions-=r  "remove right-hand scroll bar
":set guioptions-=L  "remove left-hand scroll bar
if has("gui_running")
au GUIEnter * simalt ~x " 窗口启动时自动最大化
set guioptions-=m " 隐藏菜单栏
set guioptions-=T " 隐藏工具栏
"set guioptions-=L " 隐藏左侧滚动条
set guioptions-=r " 隐藏右侧滚动条
set guioptions-=b " 隐藏底部滚动条
set showtabline=0 " 隐藏Tab栏
endif

"==========================中文显示乱码
set encoding=utf-8
set fileencodings=utf-8,chinese,latin-1
if has("win32")
set fileencoding=chinese
else
set fileencoding=utf-8
endif
"解决菜单乱码
source $VIMRUNTIME/delmenu.vim
source $VIMRUNTIME/menu.vim
"解决consle输出乱码
language messages zh_CN.utf-8

"================================符号自动补全
inoremap ' ''<ESC>i
inoremap " ""<ESC>i
inoremap ( ()<ESC>i
inoremap [ []<ESC>i
inoremap < <><ESC>i
inoremap { {<CR>}<ESC>O
inoremap ) <c-r>=ClosePair(')')<CR>
inoremap > <c-r>=ClosePair('>')<CR>
inoremap } <c-r>=ClosePair('}')<CR>
inoremap ] <c-r>=ClosePair(']')<CR>

function! ClosePair(char)
  if getline('.')[col('.') - 1] == a:char
    return "\<Right>"
  else
    return a:char
  endif
endf

"=================================设置跳出自动补全的括号
func SkipPair()  
    let str = getline('.')[col('.')-1]
    if str == ')' || str == ']' || str == '"' || str == "'" || str == '}'
	return "\<Right>"
    elseif strpart(getline('.'),col('.')-1)=~'^\s*$'
        return "\<Tab>"  
    else  
        return "\<C-N>"  
    endif  
endfunc  
 " 将tab键绑定为跳出括号  
 inoremap <TAB> <c-r>=SkipPair()<CR>

"=====================小写转换大写
inoremap <C-u> <esc>gUiwea

"=====================插入模式移动光标
inoremap <M-k> <Up>
inoremap <M-j> <Down>
inoremap <M-h> <Left>
inoremap <M-l> <Right>
inoremap <M-a> <Home>
inoremap <M-e> <End>

" Rubout word / line and enter insert mode
" use <Esc><Right> instead of <C-o>
inoremap <C-w> <Esc>dbcl
" delete
inoremap <C-u> <Esc>d0cl
inoremap <C-k> <Esc><Right>C
inoremap <C-d> <Esc><Right>s
inoremap <C-d> <C-o>de
inoremap <M-d> <C-o>de

"===================编译java、c、c++、python以及sh脚本
"=======================按F5进行编译运行windows，Linux下需在运行的命令里面加当前目录./
map <F5> :call CompileRunGcc()<CR>
imap <F5> <ESC>:call CompileRunGcc()<CR>
func! CompileRunGcc()
    exec "w"
    exec "cd %:p:h"
    if &filetype == 'c'
        exec "!g++ % -o %<"
        exec "! %<"
    elseif &filetype == 'cpp'
        exec "!g++ -std=c++11 -O2 % -o %<"
        exec "! %<"
    elseif &filetype == 'java' 
        exec "!javac %<" 
        exec "!java %<"
	elseif &filetype == 'py'
		exec "!python %<"
    elseif &filetype == 'sh'
        :!./%
    endif
endfunc

"======================<F9>gdb调试c或c++  
map <F9> :call Debug()<CR>
imap <F9> :call Debug()<CR>    
func!  Debug() 
	exec "w"
    exec "cd %:p:h"
    if &filetype == 'c'
        exec "!gcc % -g -o %< -gstabs+"
        exec "!gdb %<"
    elseif &filetype == 'cpp'
        exec "!g++ % -g -o %< -gstabs+"
        exec "!gdb %<"
endfunc   


"=====================AIT+/进行注释
inoremap <M-/> <Home>//
nmap <M-/> <Home>i//<ESC>

"=====================复制粘贴
map <C-A> ggVG                     " 映射全选 ctrl+a
map! <C-A> <Esc>ggVGY
map <C-c> "+y                      " 映射复制到系统剪切板
map! <C-c> "+y                      " 映射复制到系统剪切板
nmap <C-v> "+gp                    " 映射粘贴
imap <C-v> <Esc>"+gp

4.在环境变量path里面加入vim目录的绝对路径，譬如我的

D:\bysu\Application\vim\

注意：如果path里面还有其他路径，且vim是放在最后面，需要输入分号;然后加上你的路径。如：

;D:\bysu\Application\vim\

5.打开运行(Ctrl+r)，输入gvim,回车即可打开gvim编辑器（可以把vim目录的中gvim.exe重命名为vi.exe，然后输入vi，回车即可打开gvim编辑器）

linux的vim配置文件

" All system-wide defaults are set in $VIMRUNTIME/debian.vim and sourced by
" the call to :runtime you can find below.  If you wish to change any of those
" settings,you should do it in this file (/etc/vim/vimrc),since debian.vim
" will be overwritten everytime an upgrade of the vim packages is performed.
" It is recommended to make changes after sourcing debian.vim since it alters
" the value of the 'compatible' option.

" This line should not be removed as it ensures that varIoUs options are
" properly set to work with the Vim-related packages available in Debian.
runtime! debian.vim

" Vim will load $VIMRUNTIME/defaults.vim if the user does not have a vimrc.
" This happens after /etc/vim/vimrc(.local) are loaded,so it will override
" any settings in these files.
" If you don't want that to happen,uncomment the below line to prevent
" defaults.vim from being loaded.
" let g:skip_defaults_vim = 1

" Uncomment the next line to make Vim more Vi-compatible
" NOTE: debian.vim sets 'nocompatible'.  Setting 'compatible' changes numerous
" options,so any other options should be set AFTER setting 'compatible'.
"set compatible

" Vim5 and later versions support Syntax highlighting. Uncommenting the next
" line enables Syntax highlighting by default.
 Syntax on

" If using a dark background within the editing area and Syntax highlighting
" turn on this option as well
"set background=dark

" Uncomment the following to have Vim jump to the last position when
" reopening a file
"if has("autocmd")
"  au BufReadPost * if line("'\"") > 1 && line("'\"") <= line("$") | exe "normal! g'\"" | endif
"endif

" Uncomment the following to have Vim load indentation rules and plugins
" according to the detected filetype.
"if has("autocmd")
"  filetype plugin indent on
"endif

" The following are commented out as they cause vim to behave a lot
" differently from regular Vi. They are highly recommended though.
"set showcmd		" Show (partial) command in status line.
"set showmatch		" Show matching brackets.
"set ignorecase		" Do case insensitive matching
"set smartcase		" Do smart case matching
"set incsearch		" Incremental search
"set autowrite		" Automatically save before commands like :next and :make
"set hidden		" Hide buffers when they are abandoned
"set mouse=a		" Enable mouse usage (all modes)

" Source a global configuration file if available
if filereadable("/etc/vim/vimrc.local")
  source /etc/vim/vimrc.local
endif
set shortmess=atI 

"===============================设置主题
colorscheme darkblue

""===============================设置字体大小
set guifont=Consolas:h12  "h12字体大小，bh12中的b表示黑体
"set guifontwide=Microsoft/ YaHei:h12

""=================开启语法高亮提示
Syntax on

"==============缩进
set cin nu ts=4 sw=4 sts=4 et acd noswapfile nobackup
set bs=eol,indent

"==================隐藏菜单、工具、滚动条============================
"set guioptions-=m  "remove menu bar
"set guioptions-=T  "remove toolbar
"set guioptions-=r  "remove right-hand scroll bar
":set guioptions-=L  "remove left-hand scroll bar
if has("gui_running")
	au GUIEnter * simalt ~x " 窗口启动时自动最大化
	set guioptions-=m " 隐藏菜单栏
	set guioptions-=T " 隐藏工具栏
	"set guioptions-=L " 隐藏左侧滚动条
	"set guioptions-=r " 隐藏右侧滚动条
	"set guioptions-=b " 隐藏底部滚动条
	"set showtabline=0 " 隐藏Tab栏
endif
"
""==========================中文显示乱码
set encoding=utf-8
set fileencodings=utf-8,latin-1
if has("win32")
	set fileencoding=chinese
else
	set fileencoding=utf-8
endif
"解决菜单乱码
"source $VIMRUNTIME/delmenu.vim
"source $VIMRUNTIME/menu.vim
""解决consle输出乱码
language messages zh_CN.utf-8

"================================符号自动补全
""inoremap ' ''<ESC>i
""inoremap " ""<ESC>i
""inoremap ( ()<ESC>i
""inoremap [ []<ESC>i
""inoremap < <><ESC>i
""inoremap { {<CR>}<ESC>O
inoremap ( ()<ESC>i
inoremap ) <c-r>=ClosePair(')')<CR>
inoremap { {}<ESC>i
inoremap } <c-r>=ClosePair('}')<CR>
inoremap [ []<ESC>i
inoremap ] <c-r>=ClosePair(']')<CR>
inoremap < <><ESC>i
inoremap > <c-r>=ClosePair('>')<CR>
inoremap " ""<ESC>i
inoremap ' ''<ESC>i

function! ClosePair(char)
  if getline('.')[col('.') - 1] == a:char
      return "\<Right>"
  else
      return a:char
  endif
endf

"=================================设置跳出自动补全的括号
func SkipPair()
	let str = getline('.')[col('.')-1]'')]'')
	if str == ')' || str == ']' || str == '"' || str == "'" || str == '}'
		return "\<Right>"
	elseif strpart(getline('.'),col('.')-1)=~'^\s*$'
		return "\<Tab>"
	else
		return "\<C-N>"
	endif
endfunc

" 将tab键绑定为跳出括号  
inoremap <TAB> <c-r>=SkipPair()<CR>

"=====================小写转换大写
inoremap <C-u> <esc>gUiwea

""=====================插入模式移动光标
inoremap <C-k> <Up>
inoremap <C-j> <Down>
inoremap <C-h> <Left>
inoremap <C-l> <Right>
inoremap <C-a> <Home>
inoremap <C-e> <End>
  
"Rubout word / line and enter insert mode
" use <Esc><Right> instead of <C-o>
inoremap <C-w> <Esc>dbcl
" delete
inoremap <C-u> <Esc>d0cl
inoremap <M-k> <Esc><Right>C
inoremap <C-d> <Esc><Right>s
inoremap <C-d> <C-o>de
inoremap <M-d> <C-o>de

"===================编译java、c、c++、python以及sh脚本
""=======================按F5进行编译运行windows，Linux下需在运行的命令里面加当前目录./
map <F5> :call CompileRunGcc()<CR>
imap <F5> <ESC>:call CompileRunGcc()<CR>
func! CompileRunGcc()
	exec "w"
	exec "cd %:p:h"
	if &filetype == 'c'
	    exec "!g++ % -o %<"
            exec "! ./%<"
	elseif &filetype == 'cpp'
	    exec "!g++ -std=c++11 -O2 % -o %<"
            exec "! ./%<"
        elseif &filetype == 'java' 
            exec "!javac %" 
            exec "!java %<"
	elseif &filetype == 'py'
	    exec "!python %<"
    elseif &filetype == 'sh'  
	    :!./%
    endif
endfunc

"======================<F9>gdb调试c或c++  
map <F9> :call Debug()<CR>
imap <F9> :call Debug()<CR>    
func!  Debug() 
    exec "w"
    exec "cd %:p:h"
    if &filetype == 'c'
        exec "!gcc % -g -o %< -gstabs+"
        exec "!gdb ./%<"
    elseif &filetype == 'cpp'
        exec "!g++ % -g -o %< -gstabs+"
        exec "!gdb ./%<"
endfunc  

"=====================复制粘贴
map <C-A> ggVG                     " 映射全选 ctrl+a
map! <C-A> <Esc>ggVGY
map <C-c> "+y                      " 映射复制到系统剪切板
map! <C-c> "+y                      " 映射复制到系统剪切板
"nmap <C-v> "+gp                    " 映射粘贴
"imap <C-v> <Esc>"+gp

参考：

http://vim.wikia.com/wiki/Hide_toolbar_or_menus_to_see_more_text

https://blog.alswl.com/2012/04/vim-emacs-key-binding/

http://blog.csdn.net/lalor/article/details/7437258

http://www.pythonclub.org/vim/map-basic

https://segmentfault.com/q/1010000004870420

https://www.w3cschool.cn/vim/drcj1pu5.html