public class MyCustomAuthorize : AuthorizeAttribute
{
        protected override void HandleUnauthorizedRequest(AuthorizationContext filterContext)
        {
            //if ajax request set status code and end Response
            if (filterContext.HttpContext.Request.IsAjaxRequest())
            {
                filterContext.HttpContext.Response.StatusCode = 401;
                filterContext.HttpContext.Response.End();
            }

            base.HandleUnauthorizedRequest(filterContext);
        }
}

创建如上所述的过滤器，如果通过ajax请求，它将返回未经授权的请求的状态码401。

如果你使用jQuery，你可以做如下

jQuery.ajax({
statusCode: {
    401: function() {
      alert('unauthrized');
    },/*other options*/
});