我正在研究ASP.net MVC 3.0应用程序.我正在使用MSTest和Moq进行单元测试.我已经为我的控制器编写了所有测试方法并运行了那些测试,结果很成功.
现在,我怀疑我是否已经正确地进行了单元测试.因为,几乎我的大多数控制器操作都包含数据库调用.
我不嘲笑他们,我只使用Moq模拟Session和Request对象.
是否真的有必要模拟数据库调用,因为单元测试意味着测试单个代码单元？我认为带有数据库调用的单元测试控制器违反了上述声明.
如果是这样,任何人都可以解释我如何模拟数据库调用吗？我没有使用任何实体框架.
Updated2：
[httppost]
public void AjaxSave(Model m)
{
m.update(); // Database call
}
解决方法
您应该提取使数据库调用成为单独对象的代码(请参阅
Single Responsibility Principle).例如.你有控制器
public class PersonController : Controller
{
public ActionResult Index()
{
var connectionString =
ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["foo"].ConnectionString;
using(var connection = new sqlConnection(connectionString))
{
string sql = "SELECT Name FROM People";
var command = connection.CreateCommand(sql);
var reader = command.ExecuteReader();
List<Person> people = new List<Person>();
while(reader.Read())
{
Person p = new Person();
p.Name = reader["Name"].ToString();
people.Add(p);
}
return View(people);
}
}
}
将数据访问代码提取到单独的类(通常称为repositories的类)：
public class PersonRepository : IPersonRepository
{
public List<Person> GetAllPeople()
{
var connectionString =
ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["foo"].ConnectionString;
using(var connection = new sqlConnection(connectionString))
{
string sql = "SELECT Name FROM People";
var command = connection.CreateCommand(sql);
var reader = command.ExecuteReader();
List<Person> people = new List<Person>();
while(reader.Read())
{
Person p = new Person();
p.Name = reader["Name"].ToString();
people.Add(p);
}
return people;
}
}
}
正如您已经注意到的那样,我声明了抽象,这是由数据访问类实现的：
public interface IPersonRepository
{
List<Person> GetAllPeople();
// other data access API will go here
}
让控制器依赖于这种抽象(这很重要 – 抽象很容易被模拟)：
public class PersonController : Controller
{
private IPersonRepository _personRepository;
public PersonController(IPersonRepository personRepository)
{
_personRepository = personRepository;
}
public ActionResult Index()
{
var people = _personRepository.GetAllPeople();
return View(people);
}
}
然后将存储库实现注入控制器(Dependency Injection in .NET)并模拟它以进行测试：
var repositoryMock = new Mock<IPersonRepository>(); var people = new List<People>(); // provide some sample list repositoryMock.Setup(r => r.GetAllPeople()).Return(people); var controller = new PersonController(repositoryMock.Object); var result = (ViewResult)controller.Index(); // Assert here Assert.AreEqual(result.ViewName,"Index"); Assert.AreEqual(result.Model,people); repositoryMock.VerifyAll();
