为了进入TypeScript的精神,我在我的组件和服务中编写完全类型的签名,这扩展到我对angular2表单的自定义验证函数.
我知道I can overload a function signature,但这要求每个返回类型的参数不同,因为tsc将每个签名编译为一个单独的函数:
function pickCard(x: {suit: string; card: number; }[]): number; function pickCard(x: number): {suit: string; card: number; }; function pickCard(x): any { /*common logic*/ };
我也知道我可以返回一个类型(如Promise),它本身可以是多个子类型:
private active(): Promise<void|null> { ... }
但是,在angular2自定义表单验证器的上下文中,单个签名(FormControl类型的一个参数)可以返回两种不同的类型:具有表单错误的Object,或null以指示控件没有错误.
显然,这不起作用:
private lowercaseValidator(c: FormControl): null; private lowercaseValidator(c: FormControl): Object { return /[a-z]/g.test(c.value) ? null : { lowercase: this.validationMessages.lowercase }; }
也没做
private lowercaseValidator(c: FormControl): null|Object {...} private lowercaseValidator(c: FormControl): <null|Object> {...}
(有趣的是,我得到了以下错误,而不是更多信息:
error TS1110: Type expected. error TS1005: ':' expected. error TS1005: ',' expected. error TS1128: Declaration or statement expected.
)
TL; DR
我离开只是使用
private lowercaseValidator(c: FormControl): any { ... }
这似乎否定了具有类型签名的优势?
更一般地说,期待ES6
虽然这个问题的灵感来自于由框架直接处理的angular2形式验证器,因此您可能不关心声明返回类型,但它仍然普遍适用,特别是在ES6构造类似函数(a,b,…其他) {}
也许只是更好的做法是避免编写可以返回多种类型的函数,但由于JavaScript的动态特性,它是相当惯用的.
参考
> TypeScript function overloading
> Typescript syntax for a function returning observable or multiple type
> https://github.com/Microsoft/TypeScript/issues/11700
> https://github.com/Microsoft/TypeScript/issues/10727(…传播){}
> https://github.com/Microsoft/TypeScript/issues/10571<,键入>
type CustomType = { lowercase: TypeOfTheProperty }; // Sorry I cannot deduce type of this.validationMessages.lowercase,// I would have to see the whole class. I guess it's something // like Array<string> or string,but I'm not Angular guy,just guessing. private lowercaseValidator(c: FormControl): CustomType | null { return /[a-z]/g.test(c.value) ? null : { lowercase: this.validationMessages.lowercase }; }
更一般的例子
type CustomType = { lowercase: Array<string> }; class A { private obj: Array<string>; constructor() { this.obj = Array<string>(); this.obj.push("apple"); this.obj.push("bread"); } public testMethod(b: boolean): CustomType | null { return b ? null : { lowercase: this.obj }; } } let a = new A(); let customObj: CustomType | null = a.testMethod(false); // If you're using strictNullChecks,you must write both CustomType and null // If you're not CustomType is sufficiant