解决方法

import android.Manifest;
import android.app.Service;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.location.Location;
import android.os.Build;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.support.annotation.NonNull;
import android.support.annotation.Nullable;
import android.support.v4.app.ActivityCompat;
import android.support.v4.content.ContextCompat;
import android.util.Log;

import com.google.android.gms.common.ConnectionResult;
import com.google.android.gms.common.GoogleApiAvailability;
import com.google.android.gms.common.api.GoogleApiClient;
import com.google.android.gms.location.LocationListener;
import com.google.android.gms.location.LocationRequest;
import com.google.android.gms.location.LocationServices;

/**
 * Created By Dhaval Solanki
 */

public class ConnectionService extends Service implements GoogleApiClient.ConnectionCallbacks,GoogleApiClient.OnConnectionFailedListener,LocationListener {
    String TAG = "ConnectionService";


    private GoogleApiClient mGoogleApiClient;
    private LocationRequest mLocationRequest;
    private Location prevIoUsLocation;
    public static final long UPDATE_INTERVAL_IN_MILLISECONDS = 30000;
    public static final long FASTEST_UPDATE_INTERVAL_IN_MILLISECONDS =
            UPDATE_INTERVAL_IN_MILLISECONDS / 2;


    private Location mLastLocation;
    private Context context;

    @Override
    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
        Log.i(TAG,"onBind");
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public int onStartCommand(Intent intent,int flags,int startId) {
        context = getApplicationContext();
        Log.i(TAG,"onStartCommand");
        if (checkPermsion(context)) {
            setupLocationService(context);
        }
        return Service.START_STICKY;
    }

    @Override
    public void onCreate() {
        super.onCreate();
        ApplicationCLass.isServiceRunning = true;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onUnbind(Intent intent) {
        Log.i(TAG,"onUnbind");
        ApplicationCLass.isServiceRunning = false;
        return super.onUnbind(intent);
    }

    @Override
    public void onDestroy() {
        ApplicationCLass.isServiceRunning = false;
        super.onDestroy();
    }

    private void setupLocationService(Context context) {
        if (checkPlayServices()) {
            mGoogleApiClient = new GoogleApiClient.Builder(context)
                    .addApi(LocationServices.API)
                    .addConnectionCallbacks(this)
                    .addOnConnectionFailedListener(this)
                    .build();
            createLocationRequest();
        }
    }

    protected void createLocationRequest() {
        mLocationRequest = new LocationRequest().create();
        mLocationRequest.setInterval(UPDATE_INTERVAL_IN_MILLISECONDS);
        mLocationRequest.setFastestInterval(FASTEST_UPDATE_INTERVAL_IN_MILLISECONDS);
        mLocationRequest.setPriority(LocationRequest.PRIORITY_BALANCED_POWER_ACCURACY);
        mGoogleApiClient.connect();
    }

    public boolean checkPermsion(Context context) {
        int MyVersion = Build.VERSION.SDK_INT;
        if (MyVersion > Build.VERSION_CODES.LOLLIPOP_MR1) {
            if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(context,Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                return false;
            } else if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(context,Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                return false;
            } else {
                return true;
            }
        } else {
            return true;
        }
    }

    private boolean checkPlayServices() {
        GoogleApiAvailability googleAPI = GoogleApiAvailability.getInstance();
        int result = googleAPI.isGooglePlayServicesAvailable(this);
        if (result != ConnectionResult.SUCCESS) {
            return false;
        }
        return true;
    }


    private void startLocationUpdates() {
        if (mGoogleApiClient.isConnected()) {
            if (ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(this,Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED && ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(this,Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                return;
            }
            if (Prefs.getUserLat(context).trim().length() > 0 && Prefs.getUserLong(context).trim().length() > 0) {
            } else {
                mLastLocation = LocationServices.FusedLocationApi.getLastLocation(
                        mGoogleApiClient);
                if (mLastLocation != null) {
                    Prefs.setUserLat(context,String.valueOf(mLastLocation.getLatitude()));
                    Prefs.setUserLong(context,String.valueOf(mLastLocation.getLongitude()));
                }
            }
            LocationServices.FusedLocationApi.requestLocationUpdates(
                    mGoogleApiClient,mLocationRequest,this);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void onConnected(@Nullable Bundle bundle) {
        Log.i(TAG,"Connected to onConnected");
        startLocationUpdates();
    }

    @Override
    public void onConnectionSuspended(int i) {
        Log.i(TAG,"Connected to onConnectionSuspended");
    }

    @Override
    public void onConnectionFailed(@NonNull ConnectionResult connectionResult) {
        Log.i(TAG,"Connected to onConnectionFailed");
    }

    @Override
    public void onLocationChanged(Location location) {
        try {
            Logger.print("onLocationChanged","latitued :" + location.getLatitude() + ",Longitude " + location.getLongitude());
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }


}

另一个alaram服务继续运行或不运行

import android.app.ActivityManager;
import android.app.IntentService;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.util.Log;

public class AlarmService extends IntentService {
    @Override
    protected void onHandleIntent(Intent intent) {
        boolean isServiceRunning = false;
        ActivityManager manager = (ActivityManager) getSystemService(Context.ACTIVITY_SERVICE);
        for (ActivityManager.RunningServiceInfo service : manager.getRunningServices(Integer.MAX_VALUE)) {
            if (ConnectionService.class.getName().equals(service.service.getClassName())) {
                isServiceRunning = true;
                break;
            }
        }
        Log.i("AlarmService","Service is running " + isServiceRunning);
        if(!isServiceRunning) {
            startService(new Intent(getApplicationContext(),ConnectionService.class));
        } else {
            ConnectionService.checkConnectionAndConnect(getApplicationContext());
        }
    }

    /**
     * Creates an IntentService.  Invoked by your subclass's constructor.
     */
    public AlarmService() {
        super("AlaramService");
    }
}

最后开始服务

private void checkAndStartService() {
        final ActivityManager manager = (ActivityManager) getSystemService(Context.ACTIVITY_SERVICE);
        new AsyncTask<Void,Void,Boolean>() {
            boolean isServiceRunning = false;

            @Override
            protected Boolean doInBackground(Void... params) {
                for (ActivityManager.RunningServiceInfo service : manager.getRunningServices(Integer.MAX_VALUE)) {
                    if (ConnectionService.class.getName().equals(service.service.getClassName())) {
                        isServiceRunning = true;
                        break;
                    }
                }
                return isServiceRunning;
            }

            @Override
            protected void onPostExecute(Boolean aBoolean) {
                super.onPostExecute(aBoolean);
                Log.i("onPostExecute","Service running = " + aBoolean);
                if (!aBoolean) {
                    startService(new Intent(ActivitySplash.this,ConnectionService.class));
                    Intent i = new Intent(ActivitySplash.this,AlarmService.class);
                    PendingIntent pi = PendingIntent.getService(ActivitySplash.this,i,0);
                    AlarmManager am = (AlarmManager) ActivitySplash.this.getSystemService(Context.ALARM_SERVICE);
                    am.cancel(pi); // cancel any existing alarms
                    am.setRepeating(AlarmManager.RTC_WAKEUP,System.currentTimeMillis(),60000,pi);
                }
            }
        }.execute();
    }