前端使用encodeURI进行编码

var param = encodeURI(param);
$.ajax({
        url: 'url',methodtype: "POST",async: false,timeout: 60000,contentType: "application/json",data: {'param':param},success: function(data) {

        },error: function(data) {

        }
    });

后台java.net.URLDecoder进行解码
编解码工具

import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.net.URLDecoder;
import java.net.URLEncoder;

import org.apache.commons.codec.DecoderException;
import org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Base64;
import org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Hex;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringEscapeUtils;

/** * 封装各种格式的编码解码工具类. * 1.Commons-Codec的 hex/base64 编码 * 2.自制的base62 编码 * 3.Commons-Lang的xml/html escape * 4.JDK提供的URLEncoder * */
public class Encodes {

    private static final String DEFAULT_URL_ENCODING = "UTF-8";
    private static final char[] BASE62 = "0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz".tocharArray();

    /** * Hex编码. */
    public static String encodeHex(byte[] input) {
        return new String(Hex.encodeHex(input));
    }

    /** * Hex解码. */
    public static byte[] decodeHex(String input) {
        try {
            return Hex.decodeHex(input.tocharArray());
        } catch (DecoderException e) {
            throw Exceptions.unchecked(e);
        }
    }

    /** * Base64编码. */
    public static String encodeBase64(byte[] input) {
        return new String(Base64.encodeBase64(input));
    }

    /** * Base64编码. */
    public static String encodeBase64(String input) {
        try {
            return new String(Base64.encodeBase64(input.getBytes(DEFAULT_URL_ENCODING)));
        } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
            return "";
        }
    }

// /**
// * Base64编码,URL安全(将Base64中的URL非法字符'+'和'/'转为'-'和'_',见RFC3548).
// */
// public static String encodeUrlSafeBase64(byte[] input) {
// return Base64.encodeBase64URLSafe(input);
// }

    /** * Base64解码. */
    public static byte[] decodeBase64(String input) {
        return Base64.decodeBase64(input.getBytes());
    }

    /** * Base64解码. */
    public static String decodeBase64String(String input) {
        try {
            return new String(Base64.decodeBase64(input.getBytes()),DEFAULT_URL_ENCODING);
        } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
            return "";
        }
    }

    /** * Base62编码。 */
    public static String encodeBase62(byte[] input) {
        char[] chars = new char[input.length];
        for (int i = 0; i < input.length; i++) {
            chars[i] = BASE62[((input[i] & 0xFF) % BASE62.length)];
        }
        return new String(chars);
    }

    /** * Html 转码. 例如将 < 转成 &lt */
    public static String escapeHtml(String html) {
        return StringEscapeUtils.escapeHtml4(html);
    }

    /** * Html 解码. */
    public static String unescapeHtml(String htmlEscaped) {
        return StringEscapeUtils.unescapeHtml4(htmlEscaped);
    }

    /** * Xml 转码. */
    public static String escapeXml(String xml) {
        return StringEscapeUtils.escapeXml10(xml);
    }

    /** * Xml 解码. */
    public static String unescapeXml(String xmlEscaped) {
        return StringEscapeUtils.unescapeXml(xmlEscaped);
    }

    /** * URL 编码,Encode默认为UTF-8. */
    public static String urlEncode(String part) {
        try {
            return URLEncoder.encode(part,DEFAULT_URL_ENCODING);
        } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
            throw Exceptions.unchecked(e);
        }
    }

    /** * URL 解码,Encode默认为UTF-8. */
    public static String urlDecode(String part) {

        try {
            return URLDecoder.decode(part,DEFAULT_URL_ENCODING);
        } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
            throw Exceptions.unchecked(e);
        }
    }
}