1:  use Data::Dumper;
2:  my $str  = "ab cd ef gh ij";
3:  my @word = split/\s+/,$str;
4:  print Dumper(\@word);

结果：

1:  $VAR1 = [
2:            'ab',3:            'cd',4:            'ef',5:            'gh',6:            'ij'
7:          ];
8:  

 1:  use Data::Dumper;
 2:  my $str  = "ab cd ef gh ij";
 3:  my @word = split/\s+/,$str,2;
 4:  #添加一个参数2，这里整个字符串就被从前往后分成了两部分
 5:  print Dumper(\@word);
 6:  =结果
 7:  $VAR1 = [
 8:            'ab', 9:            'cd ef gh ij'
10:          ];
11:  =cut
12:  use Data::Dumper;
13:  my $str  = "ab cd ef gh ij";
14:  my @word = split/\s+/,3;
15:  print Dumper(\@word);
16:  =结果
17:  $VAR1 = [
18:            'ab',19:            'cd',20:            'ef gh ij'
21:          ];
22:  =cut

• 方法一：

 1:  my $str  = "ab cd ef gh ij";
 2:  my ($first,$second,$third,$four,$five) = split/\s+/,$str;
 3:  print "first $first\nsecond $second\nthird $third\nfour $four\nfive $five\n";
 4:  
 5:  =结果
 6:  first ab
 7:  second cd
 8:  third ef
 9:  four gh
10:  five ij

• 方法二：

上面的程序可以达到我们的需求，但是，如果我们只需要其中的2个值。那么上面的程序就很繁琐了。 我们可以用下面改进的办法；

 1:  my $str  = "ab cd ef gh ij";
 2:  my @word=split/\s+/,$str;
 3:  my $third=@word[2];
 4:  my $five =@word[4];
 5:  print "third $third\nfive $five\n";
 6:  
 7:  =结果
 8:  third ef
 9:  five ij
10:  

• 方法三：

上面的方法也成功的实现了我们的需求，但还是不够简洁，我们还可以通过下面的方法：

1:  my $str  = "ab cd ef gh ij";
2:  my ($third,$five)=(split/\s+/,$str)[2,4];
3:  print "third $third\nfive $five\n";
4:  =结果
5:  third ef
6:  five ij

首先还是一个简单的例子；

 1:  use Data::Dumper;
 2:  my $str="fname    = Foolname =    Baremail=foo@bar.com";
 3:  my @array=split/=/,$str;
 4:  print Dumper(\@array);
 5:  
 6:  =结果
 7:  $VAR1 = [
 8:            'fname    ', 9:            ' Foolname ',10:            '    Baremail',11:            'foo.com'
12:          ];

上面的结果有什么不妥的地方呢？我们发现分成的四部分中有空格的存在，而空格未必是我们想要的。 所以我们要对程序进行改进

 1:  use Data::Dumper;
 2:  my $str="fname    = Foolname =    Baremail=foo@bar.com";
 3:  my @array=split/\s*=\s*/,$str;
 4:  print Dumper(\@array);
 5:  
 6:  =结果
 7:  $VAR1 = [
 8:            'fname', 9:            'Foolname',10:            'Baremail',11:            'foo.com'
12:          ];

我们还可以这样控制

 1:  use Data::Dumper;
 2:  my $str="fname    = Foolname =    Baremail=foo@bar.com";
 3:  my @array=split/\s+=\s+/,$str;
 4:  print Dumper(\@array);
 5:  =结果
 6:  $VAR1 = [
 7:            'fname', 8:            'Foolname', 9:            'Baremail=foo.com'
10:          ];

上面的字符串$str有3个等号，我们最后的结果却只分成了三分。因为我们在分割的时候， 要求必须=两侧有空格的才进行分割。所以最后的一个等号两侧没有被分割。