说明：
红色字体是我们输入的指令；
先把步骤写上，免得看我下面叙述感到啰嗦：
一 CPAN
$cpan
cpan>install Tkx
???感觉安装很慢，那就配置下
capn>o conf urllist push http://mirrors.163.com/cpan/
上面的那个镜像是国内的，国内还有其他镜像，参考http://www.voidcn.com/article/p-fjzpbiuc-bgk.html
cpan>o conf commit
得到：commit: wrote '/Users/xxxxxx/.cpan/CPAN/MyConfig.pm'
请看你自己的MyConfig.pm的路径
然后打开.pm文件，找到最后有个urllist=[...]的，
然后可以把那些网址删除，再把国内网站的添加上，保存退出，再次安装模块，再也不需要等待。。。。。
有参考：http://bbs.chinaunix.net/thread-3610007-1-1.html
二 CPANPLUS
使用CPANPLUS的话,就能自动给依赖的模块也装好
cpan>install CPANPLUS
$cpanp
CPAN Terminal>s reconfigure
7> Select mirrors
Section to configure: [1]:7
1> Mirror
Please choose an option [1]:1
2> Asia
Pick a continent [2]:2
1> ftp://ftp.cuhk.edu.hk
2> ftp://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn
3> ftp://mirrors.xmu.edu.cn
4> http://cpan.communilink.net
5> http://ftp.cuhk.edu.hk
6> http://mirrors.163.com
7> http://mirrors.devlib.org
8> http://mirrors.hust.edu.cn
9> http://mirrors.neusoft.edu.cn
10> http://mirrors.sohu.com
11> http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn
12> http://mirrors.xmu.edu.cn
13> rsync://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn
14> rsync://mirrors.xmu.edu.cn
15> Custom
16> View
17> Up
18> Quit
Please pick a site: :6 10 8 11
18> Quit
Please pick a site: :18
9> Save & exit
Section to configure: [1]:9
安装模块
CPAN Terminal>i CSS
你没看错就是i＋模块名完成～～～～～详情参看：http://www.php-oa.com/2010/02/04/cpanplus-per.html
如安装完成，就没必要再看下面的啰嗦：
1.CPAN
Mac os下通过CPAN安装第三方模块很方便，只需要：
xxxxxx:~ xxxxx$cpan
Terminal does not support AddHistory.
cpan shell -- CPAN exploration and modules installation (v2.00)
Enter 'h' for help.
cpan[1]>install [module_name]
。。。。。。。。
但这时你通常感觉安装会很慢甚至卡住一样，最后可能告诉你timeout什么的结束，反正是安装特别不爽。
当我注意到CPAN安装时资源是从国外的镜像上抓取的，参看下面的浅蓝位置：
Fetching with LWP:
http://mirrors.163.com/cpan/authors/id/R/RU/RUBYKAT/sqlite-Work-0.16.tar.gz
这里是 http://mirrors.163.com/cpan/， 是因为我设置过，通常默认的是国外网站，你可对比下这时我想起CPAN在中国有很多的镜像网站在上面下载资源很快，那有没有方法直接从中国的镜像下下载呢，然后我就搜了下，参考了：
http://bbs.chinaunix.net/thread-3610007-1-1.html
里面的回答，然后自己设置下：
xxxxx:~ xxxx$cpan
Terminal does not support AddHistory.
cpan shell -- CPAN exploration and modules installation (v2.00)
Enter 'h' for help.
cpan[1]>o conf help
Known options:
commit commit session changes to disk
defaults reload default config values from disk
help this help
init enter a dialog to set all or a set of parameters
Edit key values as in the following (the "o" is a literal letter o):
o conf build_cache 15
o conf build_dir "/foo/bar"
o conf urllist shift
o conf urllist unshift ftp://ftp.foo.bar/
o conf inhibit_startup_message 1
cpan[2]>o conf urllist push http://mirrors.163.com/cpan/
Please use 'o conf commit' to make the config permanent!
cpan[3]>o conf commit
commit: wrote '/Users/xxxxxx/.cpan/CPAN/MyConfig.pm'
再次进入cpan，当你欣喜万千再次安装模块时，可发现还是从原来那个镜像抓取，注意到Myconfig.pm这个文件，然后通过上面提供的路径打开Myconfig.pm，找到最后几行，有个
'urllist' =>......的，会看到刚才加入的163的镜像在最后，而它是默认从第一个镜像使用的，除非前面一个镜像查不到这个模块才会轮到下一个，而这种情况又是极少见的，所以把163的网址，放到第一个就ok了，保存退出，再次安装你会看到安装信息满屏滚动你会心潮澎湃的，哈哈～～～
2.CPANPLUS
因为我曾配置过，所以显示步骤有可能有差异，请自己斟酌
xxxx:~ xxxx$cpanp
CPANPLUS::Shell::Default -- CPAN exploration and module installation (v0.9154)
*** Please report bugs to <bug-cpanplus@rt.cpan.org>.
*** Using CPANPLUS::Backend v0.9154.
*** ReadLine support available (try 'i Term::ReadLine::Perl').
*** Type 'p' now to show start up log
Did you know...
You can run an interactive setup using 's reconfigure'
CPAN Terminal>s reconfigure
=================> MAIN MENU <=================
Welcome to the CPANPLUS configuration. Please select which
parts you wish to configure
Defaults are taken from your current configuration.
If you would save now,your settings would be written to:
CPANPLUS::Config::User
1> Select Configuration file
2> Setup CLI Programs
3> Setup CPANPLUS Home directory
4> Setup FTP/Email settings
5> Setup basic preferences
6> Setup installer settings
7> Select mirrors
8> Edit configuration file
9> Save & exit
10> Quit without saving
Section to configure: [1]:7
You can select VIEW to see your current selection and QUIT when you
are done.
1> Mirror
2> Custom
3> View
4> Quit
Please choose an option [1]:1
Now,we are going to fetch the mirror list for first-time configurations.
This may take a while...
1> Africa
2> Asia
3> Europe
4> North America
5> Oceania
6> South America
7> Custom
8> Up
9> Quit
Pick a continent [2]:2
You can enter multiple sites by separating them by a space.
For example:
1 4 2 5
1> ftp://ftp.cuhk.edu.hk
2> ftp://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn
3> ftp://mirrors.xmu.edu.cn
4> http://cpan.communilink.net
5> http://ftp.cuhk.edu.hk
6> http://mirrors.163.com
7> http://mirrors.devlib.org
8> http://mirrors.hust.edu.cn
9> http://mirrors.neusoft.edu.cn
10> http://mirrors.sohu.com
11> http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn
12> http://mirrors.xmu.edu.cn
13> rsync://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn
14> rsync://mirrors.xmu.edu.cn
15> Custom
16> View
17> Up
18> Quit
Please pick a site: :6 10 8 11
Selected http://mirrors.163.com 0 hosts selected thus far.
Selected http://mirrors.sohu.com 0 hosts selected thus far.
Selected http://mirrors.hust.edu.cn 0 hosts selected thus far.
Selected http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn 0 hosts selected thus far.
You can enter multiple sites by separating them by a space.
For example:
1 4 2 5
1> ftp://ftp.cuhk.edu.hk
2> ftp://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn
3> ftp://mirrors.xmu.edu.cn
4> http://cpan.communilink.net
5> http://ftp.cuhk.edu.hk
6> http://mirrors.163.com
7> http://mirrors.devlib.org
8> http://mirrors.hust.edu.cn
9> http://mirrors.neusoft.edu.cn
10> http://mirrors.sohu.com
11> http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn
12> http://mirrors.xmu.edu.cn
13> rsync://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn
14> rsync://mirrors.xmu.edu.cn
15> Custom
16> View
17> Up
18> Quit
Please pick a site: :18
Your host configuration has been saved
=================> MAIN MENU <=================
Welcome to the CPANPLUS configuration. Please select which
parts you wish to configure
Defaults are taken from your current configuration.
If you would save now,your settings would be written to:
CPANPLUS::Config::User
1> Select Configuration file
2> Setup CLI Programs
3> Setup CPANPLUS Home directory
4> Setup FTP/Email settings
5> Setup basic preferences
6> Setup installer settings
7> Select mirrors
8> Edit configuration file
9> Save & exit
10> Quit without saving
Section to configure: [1]:9
Quitting setup,changes are saved to 'CPANPLUS::Config::User'
CPANPLUS 使用
1. CPANPLUS 中安装模块,按i:
|
1
|
CPAN Terminal> i Bundle::CPAN
|
2. CPANPLUS 中删除模块,按u:
|
CPAN Terminal> u YAML
|
3. CPANPLUS 中查找模块,按m:
|
CPAN Terminal>m Smart::Comments
|
4. CPANPLUS 中查找作者的模块,按a:
|
CPAN Terminal>a kai
|
5. CPANPLUS 中更新所有有新版本的模块,按下o:
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
|
CPAN Terminal> o
1 5.22 5.24 AnyEvent MLEHMANN
2 0.01 1.024 Apache::Filter KWILLIAMS
3 0.01 0.11 Apache::Module DOUGM
4 0.09 0.10 Apache::Reload PHRED
|
6. 没事也可以更新 CPANPLUS 自己:
|
CPAN Terminal>s selfupdate all
|
还有很多小功能,以后可能会用这个换掉CPANPLUS本身
可以按e来加入目录到@INC,可以按x来更新index.